Interleukin-1 beta influences on lysyl oxidases and matrix metalloproteinases profile of injured anterior cruciate ligament and medial collateral ligament fibroblasts |
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Authors: | Jing Xie Chunli Wang Lin Yin ChunMing Xu Yanjun Zhang Kuo-Li Paul Sung |
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Institution: | 1. “111” Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People’s Republic of China 2. Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People’s Republic of China 3. Departments of Bioengineering and Orthopaedics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0412, USA
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Abstract: | Purpose The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is known to have a poor healing ability, especially in comparison with the medial collateral ligament (MCL) which can heal relatively well. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) is considered to be an important chemical mediator in the acute inflammatory phase of ligament injury. The role of IL-1β-induced expressions of lysyl oxidases (LOXs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which respectively facilitate extracellular matrix (ECM) repair and degradation, is poorly understood. In this study, we aim to determine the intrinsic differences between ACL and MCL by characterising the differential expressions of LOXs and MMPs in response to IL-1β in the injury process. Methods Semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and zymography were performed. Results We detected high expressions of IL-1β-induced LOXs in normal ACL and MCL. Then, we found IL-1β induced injured MCL to express more LOXs than injured ACL (up to 2.85-fold in LOX, 2.58-fold in LOXL-1, 1.89-fold in LOXL-2, 2.46-fold in LOXL-3 and 2.18-fold in LOXL-4). Meanwhile, we found IL-1β induced injured ACL to express more MMPs than injured MCL (up to 1.72-fold in MMP-1, 1.95-fold in MMP-2, 2.05-fold in MMP-3 and 2.3-fold in MMP-12). The further protein results coincided with gene expressions above. Conclusions Lower expressions of LOXs and higher expressions of MMPs might help to explain the poor healing ability of ACL. |
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