Training the academic nephrologist for the new millennium

Physician-scientists play a key role in bringing basic science advances anticipated in the new millennium to the bedside. However, the existence of such individuals is in jeopardy, the reasons for which are summarized in first part of this article. Solutions to this problem are suggested and specific recommendations are directed at government and private agencies, industry, trainees, mentors, and academic institutions. Time is short and decisive action needs to be taken if we are to reap the full rewards of medical knowledge in the 21st century.