上海市某区学龄儿童双眼视功能保健知识态度行为调查

目的 了解学龄儿童双眼视功能保健知识（knowledge）、态度（attitude）、行为（practice）（简称KAP）现状,为科学开展双眼视功能健康教育提供参考依据.方法 调查研究.被调查对象来自上海市某区4所普通小学,每校一至四年级整群随机抽样,各抽取1个班.根据双眼视功能理论,参考眼科和公共卫生学专家意见,自行设计学龄儿童双眼视功能保健KAP调查问卷（加注拼音）.要求调查人员统一指导语,受检者根据自己主观感受在不交流情况下,限时20 min作答.数据采用x2检验,独立样本t检验和单因素方差分析进行比较.结果共完成问卷调查624例,获得有效问卷503份,总有效率80.6％.双眼视功能保健K、A、P问卷回答正确率,各年级间差异均无统计学意义.各年级间K、A、P得分差异无统计学意义.K、A、P得分各年级男、女生间差异均无统计学意义.各年级内K、A、P得分三者比较,总体均数不全相等（F=47.828、48.568、48.004、50.330,P＜0.05）；K与A之间、A与P之间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；K与P差异无统计学意义；各年级学生双眼视功能保健A得分高于K、P得分.结论学龄儿童双眼视功能保健知识掌握情况以及保健行为实施情况比较差,但态度却良好、端正.我们应充分结合学龄儿童双眼视功能保健KAP的现状和特点,有针对性地科学开展双眼视功能健康教育.

Survey of knowledge, attitude and practice about binocular visual function among school-age children in a district in the city of Shanghai

Objective To understand the status of knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP) about binocular visual function among school-age children,and to provide a reference for scientific care in health education.Methods An investigation was conducted to survey school-age children in four elementary schools in a district of the city of Shanghai,randomly selecting one class from every grade and using a specially designed questionnaire to learn about binocular visual function KAP.Data were analyzed using a chi-square test,an independent samples t test,and an ANOVA.Results Six hundred twenty-four questionnaires were sent out and 503 questionnaires were retrieved and valid.The ratio of valid questionnaires was 80.6％.There were no significant differences in binocular visual function K,A,P scores when comparing the four grades and comparing the boys and girls.For every grade,K,A and P scores were not equal (F=47.828,48.568,48.004,50.330,P＜0.05).LSD-t tests showed that K scores differed significantly from A scores (P＜0.05) but not from P scores (P＞0.05),A scores differed significantly from P scores (P＜0.05),and A scores of the school-age children were higher than K and P scores.Conclusion Knowledge of binocular visual function and practice of school-age children are relatively poor,but their attitude is fairly good.Health education should be designed so the binocular visual function KAP curriculum is appropriate for school-age children.