人参多糖的提取分离及其体外抗肿瘤作用

目的：从人参中提取分离人参多糖，对其进行初步鉴定分析，观察人参多糖的体外抗肿瘤活性。方法：采用水提醇沉法和Sevage法提取人参多糖，应用红外光谱对其结构进行初步的鉴定分析；小鼠前列腺癌RM-1细胞株和人宫颈癌HeLa细胞株分为对照组和不同浓度（50、100、200、300、400和500 mg/L）人参多糖组，MTT法检测各组细胞的生长抑制情况，通过细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）实验检测不同浓度人参多糖对肿瘤细胞的间接杀伤作用，即细胞毒性乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）释放率。结果：人参多糖的提取率为8.76%，经鉴定成分为多糖。MTT实验，不同浓度人参多糖处理RM-1和HeLa细胞24 h后，与对照组比较，各浓度人参多糖组细胞存活率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。CTL实验，与对照组比较，不同浓度人参多糖组细胞毒性LDH释放率显著升高(P<0.05)；随着人参多糖浓度的增加，细胞毒性LDH释放率先升高后降低，人参多糖浓度为100 mg/L时，细胞毒性LDH释放率最大。 结论：人参多糖可以通过激活T细胞来间接抑制肿瘤细胞生长，起到抗肿瘤的作用。

Extraction and isolation of polysaccharide from ginseng and its anti-tumor activity in vitro

Objective To extract,isolate and identify the polysaccharide from ginseng,and to investigate its antitumor activity in vitro.Methods The ginseng polysaccharide was obtained through water extraction and ethyl alcohol deposition method.Use the Sevage method to remove the protein in the crude polysaccharide.The structural characteristics of the polysaccharide were determined by FT-IR spectra.The RM-1and HeLa cells were divided into control group and different concentrations(0,50,100,200,300,400and 500mg·L-1)of ginseng polysaccharide groups.The survival rates of the cells in various groups were detected by MTT method.The indirect killing effects of ginseng polysaccharide with different concentrations(0,50,100,200,300,400and500mg·L-1)on the cancer cells were determined by CTL test.Results The extraction rate of ginseng polysaccharide was 8.76% and the structural characteristics demonstrated that the main component of the extract was polysaccharide.The result of MTT showed that there were no significant differences of the survival rates of RM-1and HeLa cells between different concentrations of ginseng polysaccharide groups after treated for 24h compared with control group(P>0.05).The result of CTL test showed that the cytototic LHD release rates in different concentrations of ginseng polysaccharide groups were increased significantly(P<0.05)compared with control group;with the increase of ginseng polysaccharide concentration,the cytotoxic LDH release rates were increased firstly and then were decreased.When the concentration of ginseng polysaccharide was 100mg·L-1,the cytotoxic LDH release rate was the biggest.Conclusion Ginseng polysaccharide can indirectly inhibit the growth of the tumor cells by activating T cells and play an anti-tumor effect.