肾移植患者手术前后心理状态的分析与研究

目的分析与研究肾移植患者手术前后的心理状态。方法应用状态自评表（SCI—90）、Zung焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）及纽芬兰纪念大学幸福量表（MUNSH）对26例肾移植患者分别于同种异体肾移植手术前、后1-2周进行两次心理状态调查分析。结果肾移植手术前受者均存在明显的焦虑、抑郁，总体幸福度低；肾移植术后经有效的心理干预，受者的焦虑、抑郁症状明显低于术前，总体幸福度明显提高。不同性别、年龄、文化程度的肾移植患者术后焦虑、抑郁的严重程度不同，其中以女性、高学历以及〉30岁的中年人表现最为明显；而经济状况和术后移植肾功能恢复情况对肾移植患者的心理状态有着显著的影响。结论肾移植患者手术前后均存在较严重的心理问题，分析和研究患者手术前后的心理状态，实施有针对性的心理干预，对于提高肾移植的成功率，改善患者心理状态，提高生活质量极其重要。

Survey of psychological states of patients before and after renal transplantation

[Objective] To survey of psychological states of the patients before and after renal transplantation.[Methods](SCL-90),SAS,SDS and MUNSH were adopted to surveying the psychological states of twenty-six patients with allogeneic renal transplantation one or two weeks before and after the operation respectively.[Result] There existed obvious anxiety and depression in the patients before and after the surgery of renal transplantation operation and general happiness value were low.However,under effective psychological intervention after the operation,the anxiety and depression in the patients were significantly lower than at the time before operation,and the general happiness value increased notably.The degree of the anxiety and depression depends on sex,age and education.Female,those who were with high academic qualifications and those who were older than 30 were most obvious.Recovery and economical situation of the patients posed markedly influence on postoperative psychological states.[Conclusion] There exists serious psychological problem in patients before and after renal surgery.Analyzing the psychological states and employing psychological intervention are effective in increasing the success rate and improving the life quality and psychological state of patients.