我国南方薏苡种质资源对黑粉病的抗病性鉴定

目的:通过常规田间鉴定方法,从不同来源的薏苡种质资源中筛选优良抗病种质,同时探讨室内快速生化鉴定方法的可行性。方法:采用田间人工接种试验,对来自云南、浙江、福建等7个省市的19份南方生态型栽培及野生薏苡种质进行黑粉病的抗性鉴定,并通过室内种苗接种试验,观察田间表现抗性不同的种质在接种病原菌后苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性的动态变化。结果:田间接种的19份薏苡种质中,有1份免疫种质,发病率在20%以下的抗病种质1份,发病率在20%~40%的6份,40%以上的感病种质11份;表现不同抗性的种质其种苗接种黑粉菌孢子后12~48 h,PAL的变化有明显差异,抗病性强的种质PAL活性高峰出现较早,酶活相对较强。结论:所收集的大部分薏苡种质抗病性较弱;室内接种黑粉菌孢子后,薏苡种苗的PAL活性高峰期出现的时间及活性高低,可以作为薏苡种质资源抗病性鉴定的辅助手段。

Identification of disease resistance to Ustilago coicis in southern Coix germplasm

Objective: To identified the resistance of Coix to Ustilago coicis and screen the high disease-resistance Coix germplasm. Method: Field and laboratory biochemical methods were used for the resistance identification. Ninteen germplasms collected from 7 provinces in southern of China such as Yunnan, Zhejiang, Fujian etc. were inoculated with chlamydospore of U. coicis, respectively. The incidence of a disease in field was investigated and the level of resistance was evaluated. The PAL activity dynamic changes in different level resistant germplasms were further determined. Result: The result of field test showed 1 germplasm was immune, 1 germplasm was high resistance which incidence rate was under 20%, 6 germplasms were moderate resistance with the average incidence rates ranged within 20%-40%, 11 of 19 germplasms that average incidence rates above 40% were identified as sensitive resistance. The value of PLA activity peak of resistant germplasm in seedling was significant higher and appeared earlier than that of the sensitive ones after inoculating. Conclusion: Most collected C. lacryma-jobi germplasms are sensitive to smut in our investigation, the PAL activity may play important role in Coix germplasm for resistance to smut and the biochemical method may be as an aiding method to resistance identification of Coix germplasm.