人眼高阶像差与年龄的关系及左右眼对称性研究

目的]研究人眼高阶像差(higher-order aberration,HOA)随年龄增长的变化规律以及HOA在左右眼的对称性.方法]用一基于Hartmann-Shack原理的Zywave波前像差仪测量了35例正常人69眼的HOA,评估时所取的瞳孔直径为6 mm.根据测试对象年龄的不同分为3组:青年组(＜35岁),中年组(35岁～54岁),老年组(＞54岁),计算各组高阶像差的均方根(root mean square,RMS)值,并对3组进行单因素方差分析,对HOA与年龄作相关分析,研究高阶像差随年龄的变化规律;同时对左右眼各Zernike系数作相关分析,以研究高阶像差在左右眼的对称性.结果]总体高阶像差(HOA)、球差、三阶与四阶像差与年龄均有相关关系(P＜0.05),彗差与五阶像差与年龄的关联性不大(P＞0.05);左右眼的15项Zernike系数中有8项存在关联性(P＜0.05).结论]高阶像差随年龄的增长而增加,左右眼的高阶像差存在一定程度的对称性.

Changes of Ocular Higher-order Aberration with Age and Symmetry Between Right and Left Eyes

To explore the changes of higher-order aberration (HOA) with age, and to evaluate the symmetry of the aberrations between right and left eyes. Higher-order aberration of 69 normal eyes (35 persons) were examined across a 6.0 mm pupil using Zywave which based on the theory of Hartmann-Shack. All subjects were divided into three groups according their age: youth group (age < 35 years); middle-aged adults (age 35 - 45 years); old adults (age > 54 years). The root mean square (RMS) values of higher-order aberrations of the three groups were calculated and univariate analysis of variance was performed. The association between ocular HOA and age was analyzed, as well as the aberration symmetry between right and left eyes using Zernike terms. Higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration (SA), the third-order aberrations, and the forth-order aberrations were associated with age (P < 0.05); but coma and the fifth-order aberrations were not associated with age (P > 0.05). Eight of the fifteen Zernike terms were significantly correlated between right and left eyes(P < 0.05). Conclusion] Higher-order aberration, especially spherical aberration increased with age. A moderate degree of mirror symmetry existed between right and left eyes.K