老年患者术后认知功能障碍病理生理机制的研究进展

背景 以往研究显示老年患者更易受到术后认知功能障碍(postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)的困扰,近年来随着接受手术治疗的老年患者的增加,POCD的发生率随之增加,POCD是指在多种因素影响下发生于术后的精神紊乱综合征,包括术后人格、社交能力及认知能力的改变,可导致术后并发症...

The pathophysiologic mechanisms of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly

Background Studies have shown that there are a significant percentage of elderly patients who experience postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). In recent years,the incidence of POCD is increasing with more and more elderly patients receiving surgical therapy. POCD is a syndrome of postoperative mental dysfunction,associated with postoperative changes in personality,social communication and cognition. POCD can lead to a rise in complications,delay hospital days,and impair the living quality of patients.Objective Early intervention to high risk patients and correctable triggers can decrease the incidence and duration of POCD. This article emphasizes on the possible pathogenesis of POCD,to offer evidence for early intervention,and to improve postoperative recovery of elderly patients.Content This article reviews the definition,pathophysiologic mechanisms,diagnosis and evaluation of POCD in elderly patients.Trend The study of postoperative cognitive dysfunction is valuable in public health. Susceptible factors in Chinese population,related animal models,pathophysiologic mechanisms,preventive and therapeutic treatments still need further research.