新型大鼠急性重症胆管炎建模研究

目的建立一种新型的无拘束、可复性大鼠急性重症胆管炎(ACST)模型。方法将按月龄、体重相近两两配对同窝饲养的26只大鼠分为两组:ACST模型组(ACST组,n=13)和假手术组(SO组,n=13),两组均进行颈外静脉置管建立无拘束模型。ACST组于胆总管结扎后0h、24h、48h、72h监测胆总管压力;两组分别于胆总管注射内毒素后0h、12h、24h、48h采静脉血检测血清总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α);并于造模后24h、72h分别行肝脏病理学检查。结果 ACST组随着造模时间的延长,胆总管压力逐渐提高,至72h达到(11.00±0.72)cmH2O,不同时点间比较,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=10.69、6.21、13.41,P均<0.05);ACST组大鼠随着造模时间的延长,血清TBIL、ALT和TNF-α水平逐渐上升,不同时点均明显高于SO组,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=7.28、12.04、11.88;10.03、28.18、20.55;14.27、20.67、36.89,P均<0.05)。病理学检查亦证实:ACST组于造模后24h即有肝细胞轻度水肿,炎细胞浸润;造模后72h可见肝细胞大片状坏死,汇管区炎细胞浸润明显。而SO组24h后大体观察未见明显异常,72h后较前无明显病理变化。ACST组术后24h、72h较同一时点SO组肝组织损害程度积分明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(t分别=5.00、7.23,P均<0.05);且72h肝组织损害程度积分高于24h,差异有统计学意义(t=2.84,P<0.05)。结论 ACST模型能够模拟临床,基本能反映人ACST的早期病程和病变,也适合ACST术后做进一步的实验性研究。

Establishment of a novel rat model of severe acute cholangitis

Objective To establish a novel rat model of the acute cholangitis of severe type （ACST）. Methods A total of 26 male rats were raised as matched-pairs according to months and weight. They were randomly divided into two groups：ACST group（n=13）and shem operation group（n=13）. All rats were unrestrained and underwent epidural anesthesia catheter used as the filling materials into vena jugularis externa. ACST group were established by placing epidural anesthe-sia catheter into common bile duct and ligated the distal bile duct, then injected LPS inside and closed the catheter. The level of common bile duct pressure was measured at 0 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after the ligation. The changes of TBIL,ALT,TNF-α were observed at 0 hour,12 hours,24 hours,48 hours after the injection. Pathological changes of liver tissues were observed at 24 hours and 72 hours. Results With the model establishing time extending, the level of common bile duct pressure increased gradually and reached （11.00±0.72） cm H2O at 72 hours postoperation. The differences at each time point were statistically significant（t=10.69, 6.21, 13.41,P〈0.05）. Serum TBIL,ALT,TNF-αlevel in ACST group were progressive increased and higher than that of shem operation group at each time point （t=7.28, 12.04, 11.88;10.03, 28.18, 20.55; 14.27, 20.67, 36.89,P〈0.05）. Pathomorphological features showed that of the ACST group occurred light edema of hepatic cell and inflammatory cells infiltration at 24 hours and large patchy necrosis of liver cells with large inflammatory cells infiltration at 72 hours. The histopathologic alterations in shem operation group were basically normal at both 24 hours and 72 hours. Compared with shem operation group, liver pathological score was significantly higher than that of ACST group at 24 hours and 72 hours, the differences were statistically significant （t=5.00,7.23,P〈0.05）.Liver tissue injury at 72 hours was more severe than that at 24 hours （t=2.84,P〈0.05）. Conclusions The ACST model as clinical model can reflect the ear-ly course of ACST and lesions basically. It is suitable for further experimental studies on ACST postoperative.