舌体鳞癌前哨淋巴结的放射性胶体定位

背景与目的:目前缺乏一种特异性的诊断手段能在术前准确地评价临床颈淋巴结阴性(clinically negetive neck,cN0)舌癌患者的颈部隐匿性转移状况,所以其颈部的手术处理还存在争议.而前哨淋巴结(sentinel lymph node,SLN)活检的应用可能为cN0舌癌患者颈部个体化治疗提供依据.本研究旨在探讨cN0舌体鳞癌前哨淋巴结放射性胶体定位的可行性,以及前哨淋巴结检测的临床价值.方法:选择21例cNO患者,其中初诊者20例,原发灶有手术史者1例.手术当天于舌肿瘤周围多点注射99mTc-SC,尽量包绕肿瘤,全部患者术前及术中用γ探测仪探测SLN,其中5例患者结合使用术前核素扫描示踪SLN,全部患者行肩胛舌骨肌上颈清扫,以颈清扫标本的常规病理结果为金标准,评价放射性胶体定位SLN的准确率.对常规病理检查阴性的SLN进一步行免疫组化检查.结果:21例患者定位到SLN(共41枚),SLN检出率为100%(21/21),其中20例患者SLN的病理检查结果与颈清扫的病理检查结果相符合,准确率95%(20/21).1例患者SLN病理阴性,而颈清扫标本出现阳性淋巴结,为假阴性.多层切片加免疫组化微转移检出率为7.3%(3/41).结论:舌癌SLN放射性胶体定位是可行的,SLN活检能较好地预测颈部淋巴结转移状况,但其临床应用价值还需进一步研究.

Sentinel lymph node radiolocalization in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: At present, there is no clinical examination that can accurately assess the lymph node metastasis status of oral tongue carcinoma with clinically negative neck lymph node (cN0) before operation. Therefore, the treatment of cN0 neck is still controversial. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy may be the evidence for individual treatment of cN0 neck. This study was to explore the feasibility of SLN radiolocalization, and to investigate the clinical value of SLN detection in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue. METHODS: Twenty-one oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients with cN0 necks were recruited, among which 1 had received primary dissection before. 99mTc-SC, as the tracer, was injected into the submucosa around primary tumor before operation. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed immediately in 5 cases. The gamma probe was used to identify SLNs for all cases before and during operation. All patients received supraomohyoid neck lymph node dissection. The pathologic results were considered as golden standard to evaluate the effectiveness of SLN radiolocalization. SLNs that had been reported as negative by routine pathologic examination were examined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The detection rate of SLNs was 100%. Among the 21 patients, the pathologic results of SLNs for 21 patients accorded with the pathologic results of neck lymph node dissection; the accuracy rate was 95%. In 1 patient, the pathologic result of SLNs was negative, but that of neck lymph node dissection was positive. Micrometastases were found in 3 of 41 detected lymph nodes by immunohistochemstry. CONCLUSIONS: SLN radiolocalization in squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue is feasible. SLN biopsy can well predict the cervical lymph node metastasis status of oral tongue carcinoma, but further investigation is necessary to determine its clinical value.