人工流产术后三种避孕方法的临床效果比较

目的探讨人工流产术后使用短效口服避孕药屈螺酮炔雌醇片（优思明）及宫内放置节育器和使用阴茎套避孕的临床效果。方法来本院进行人工流产术并自愿术后口服避孕药的65例女性列为屈螺酮炔雌醇片组,术后选择放置宫内节育器的69例作为IUD组,术后选择男式阴茎套避孕的58例为避孕套组。随访6个月,观察3组术后阴道出血时间、转经时间、术后月经量的变化及不良反应等情况进行临床对比。结果 3组患者人工流产术后出血时间相比较,屈螺酮炔雌醇片组和避孕套组阴道出血时间明显短于IUD组（P〈0.05）;3组患者术后月经恢复时间的比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,屈螺酮炔雌醇片组月经恢复时间最短。术后3组患者月经量的变化情况比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,屈螺酮炔雌醇片组术后月经量小于以往月经量的患者有63.0%,明显多于避孕套组和IUD组,IUD组术后月经量大于以往月经量的患者为53.6%,明显多于屈螺酮炔雌醇片组和避孕套组。屈螺酮炔雌醇片组与IUD组不良反应率的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,IUD组的不良反应发生率为36.2%,屈螺酮炔雌醇片组不良反应发生率为20.0%。结论人工流产术后即时服用屈螺酮炔雌醇片能促进子宫内膜恢复及较快恢复正常月经周期、降低术后阴道出血,值得临床上推广;IUD组不良反应主要有月经期延长、腰腹疼痛,但半年后基本恢复正常,所以可以作为长期避孕的首选方式。对于不能口服避孕药和放置宫内节育器避孕的患者,避孕套可作为首选避孕方式。

Comparison of the clinical effects of three contraceptive methods after induced abortion

Objective To investigate clinical effects of the use of short-acting oral contraceptives drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets （Yasmin）, intrauterine placed IUD and using the men′s condoms contraception after induced abortion. Methods To classify 65 female patients who went to our hospital for induced abortion and volunteer to take contraceptives for oral administration as drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group; Chose 69 cases of inserting intra-uterine device as the IUD group, and 58 cases of using the men′s condoms for the condom group. the postoperative vaginal bleeding time, turn the time, postoperative menstrual quantity change and adverse reaction, etc. were observed among three groups for clinical contrast. Results The postoperative bleeding time were compared among three groups, the vaginal bleeding time between drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group and condom group was significantly shorter than that of IUD group （P 0.05）; Postoperative recovery time period among the three groups, the comparison of the differences were statistically significant （P 0.05）, drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group menstrual recovery time shortest. The differences was statistically significant in menstrual quantity changes compared among the three groups （P 0.05）, the postoperative menstrual quantity in drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group was less than the previous menstrual quantity with 63.0%, significantly more than condom group and IUD group, postoperative menstrual quantity in IUD group was greater than the previous menstrual quantity of patients was 53.6%, significantly more than drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group and condom group. The adverse reaction rate was compared between drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group and IUD group, differences was statistically significant （P 0.05）, the adverse reaction rate in IUD group was 36.2%, and adverse reaction rate of drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets group was 20.0%. Conclusion After induced abortion, immediately taking drospirenone and ethinylest radiol tablets can promote endometrium recovery, rapid recovery of the normal menstrual cycle and reduce postoperative vaginal bleeding that is worth clinically promotion; The IUD group major adverse reactions include prolonged menstrual period and waist pain, but these were returned to normal after six months. So IUD can be used as the preferred way of long-term contraception. condoms for the patients who have oral contraceptives and IUD insertion taboo is the first choice of contraceptive way.