美沙酮维持治疗者中艾滋病、丙肝病例分析

目的了解广东东莞市美沙酮维持治疗(MMT)门诊患者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒抗体(HCV)感染情况。方法对2007年1月～2008年10月东莞市新涌医院美沙酮维持治疗门诊200例患者进行面对面问卷调查,并采静脉血检测抗-HCV抗体、抗HIV抗体。结果200例美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者中HIV感染者5例,感染率为2.5%(5/200);HCV感染者161例,感染率为80.5%(161/200)。其中5名HIV感染者合并感染HCV,静脉吸毒者中HCV感染率明显高于全国水平。结论本市戒毒人群中HIV、HCV感染率较高,静脉吸毒和共用针具吸毒是HIV和HCV传播的高危因素,不洁性行为增加了HIV、HCV由吸毒人员向其它人群传播的危险性。

INVESTIGATION OF THE PREVALENCE OF THE HIV AND HCV INFECTION IN METHADONE MAINTENANCE TREATMENT IN DONGGUAN

Objective To investigate the prevalence of the HIV and HCV infection in patients of Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Dongguan. Methods Face - to - face questionnaire surveys were performed in 200 patients underwent Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Dongguan from Januray 2007 to October 2008. Venous blood was taken from each patient for anti - HIV and anti - HCV antibodies detection. Results In 200 patients, 8 of them were positive for HIV infection （2. 5% infective ratio）, 161 of them were positive for HCV infection （80. 5% infective ratio） while 5 of them were double positive for both HIV and HCV infection. Intravenous drug abuser had significantly elevated infective ratio of HCV compared with the ordinary levels nationwide. Conclusion Individuals who rehabilitated from intravenous drug abuse have elevated ratios of HIV and HCV infection. Intravenous drug abuse and sharing needling instruments are high risk factors for the spread of HIV and HCV. Unsafe sexual contact with intravenous drug abuser increases the possibility of HIV and HCV infection to other folk.