Cartilage destruction by matrix degradation products |
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Authors: | Tadashi Yasuda |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Sports Medicine, Tenri University, 80 Tainosho-cho, Tenri 632-0071, Japan |
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Abstract: | The progressive destruction of articular cartilage is one of the hallmarks of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Cartilage
degradation is attributed to different classes of catabolic factors, including proinflammatory cytokines, aggrecanases, matrix
metalloproteinases, and nitric oxide. Recently, matrix degradation products generated by excessive proteolysis in arthritis
have been found to mediate cartilage destruction. These proteolytic fragments activate chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts
via specific cell surface receptors that can stimulate catabolic intracellular signaling pathways, leading to the induction
of such catalysts. This review describes the catabolic activities of matrix degradation products, especially fibronectin fragments,
and discusses the pathologic implication in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Increased levels
of these degradation products, found in diseased joints, may stimulate cartilage breakdown by mechanisms of the kind demonstrated
in the review. |
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Keywords: | Cartilage destruction Fibronectin fragment (FN-f) Integrin Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) Mitogen-activated protein kinase |
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