Outcome of cytomegalovirus retinitis in immunocompromised patients without Human Immunodeficiency Virus treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injection |
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Authors: | Aniruddha Agarwal Neha Kumari Amita Trehan Alka Khadwal Mangat R Dogra Vishali Gupta Aman Sharma Amod Gupta Ramandeep Singh |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India, 160012 2. Division of Paediatric Hematology Oncology, Advanced Paediatric Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India 3. Division of Hematology Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India 4. King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 5. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Abstract: | Purpose To study the outcomes of treatment with intravitreal ganciclovir injection for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with CMV retinitis without HIV were noted. Patients received intravitreal ganciclovir injection (2 mg/0.1 ml) alone until quiescence. The outcome measures were time taken for the lesions to heal, number of injections, change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), recurrence of retinitis, occurrence of immune recovery uveitis (IRU) or injection-related complications and retinal detachment (RD). Results 18 eyes of ten patients (six males) with mean age of 33.7 years from June 2004 to March 2013 were included. Thirteen eyes with active lesions (mean BCVA of 0.51?±?0.41) received 5.54?±?3.36 intravitreal ganciclovir injections with complete healing within 1.81?±?1.25 months. The final BCVA was 0.43?±?0.52. IRU was observed in six eyes (33.33 %) and RD developed in one eye. One eye had recurrence 1 month after stopping ganciclovir injections. The rest of the patients had recurrence-free follow-up at 9.46?±?12.42 months. Conclusions Non-HIV patients with CMV retinitis can be successfully treated with intravitreal ganciclovir injection alone, avoiding the systemic side effects of systemic anti-CMV therapy. |
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