管理和教育对儿童哮喘治疗的影响

目的探讨管理和教育对儿童哮喘治疗的影响作用。方法将哮喘患儿分为管理组(60例)和对照组(50例),两组患儿均建立病历档案。对管理组患儿不论哮喘有无发作,每2周-1个月随访1次,及时评价病情和治疗效果,调整用药剂量和纠正错误的吸入方法。同时对患儿进行哮喘基本知识、自我病情判断及治疗方面的知识教育。在治疗上根据病情轻、中、重分级制定哮喘阶梯式治疗方案。对照组仅在1年后随访1次,中间未进进定期随访;未进行哮喘知识的系统教育;也无治疗方案,仅进行发作期治疗。结果管理组的临床控制率、显效率和总有效率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05-0.001),哮喘发作次数、急诊次数、住院次数和缺课天数均比对照组显著减少(P<0.001),PEF值比对照组显著升高(P<0.001)。结论管理和教育能显著提高现有哮喘药物及方法的治疗效果,增强患儿及家长的治疗信心,增加治疗的依从性,提高患儿的肺功能和生活质量。管理和教育方法简单易行,值行临床推广应用。

Effects of management and education program on treating children with asthma

Objective To explore the effects of management and education on child ren with asthma. Methods 110 cases with asthma were divided into management grou p(60 cases)and control group(50cases),The medical records of two groups were col lected. Patients in the management group were intervened by the following measur ements:learning the knowledge of asthma and asthma treatment,trained how to use MDI,followed-up 1 time every 2 weeks to 1 month,adjusted the therapy project acc ording the state of illness.The control group received routine medication regime ns only. Results The clinical control rate, evident efficiency rate and total ef ficiency rate of management group were higher than those of control group(P< 0.0 5-0.001).The frequencies of acute attack,emergency department visit,hospital sta y and the days of off-school were less than those of acute attack, emergency dep artment visit,hospital stay and the days of off-school were less than those of c ontrol group(P<0.001).The PEF value of management group was significantly higher than of control group(P<0.001). Conclusion Asthma management and education can increase the effects of drug therapy and inprove lung function and quality of li fe of children with asthma.