市场经济与卫生改革对不同性别人群卫生服务可及性的影响

该文采用定性研究方法,描述和分析了南通、淄博两市在市场经济条件下医疗保健制度改革对不同性别人群卫生服务可及性的影响.研究发现不同性别人群的卫生服务可及性与疾病种类、个人与家庭的经济实力、可享有的社会福利、以及社会地位/关系等直接相关;性别差异对卫生服务可及性无直接影响;在职女工的妇女保健服务基本可及.但个人与家庭抗慢性重大疾病风险的能力不足;非在职职工的医疗保险和保健工作需要大,但落实难;社会政策的制定还应为女性劳动者创造公平的竞争条件,并为其生儿育女的再生产过程提供风险保障.

Influence of gender on access to health care in the context of economic liberalization and health sector reform in urban China

Using qualitative methods, this study tried to describe and analyze the influence of gender on access to health care in the context of economic liberalization and health sector reform in urban China. The main findings showed that type of illness, benefits offered by enterprise, and social capitals had affected access to health services in women and men .There is no direct bias against women. Generally speaking ,working women received benefits and special health care which were provided by their enterprises. However, the households in which family members suffered from chronic or catastrophic diseases were having difficulties coping with paying expensive medical care. Those employees in informal sectors who had health needs also were less likely to get access to health care, because of lack of health insurance coverage. In the formulation of social policies the government should consider equal opportunities in labor market for women and their special needs for reproductive health.