甲状腺结节克隆来源分析

目的通过分析甲状腺结节的克隆来源,以增强对甲状腺肿瘤起源的进一步认识。方法对有关甲状腺结节克隆来源的相关文献进行综述并分析。结果关于甲状腺结节克隆起源,目前多采用X染色体失活和单基因突变检测的方法确定其克隆性。X-染色体失活研究的文献证实,甲状腺结节尤其是甲状腺肿瘤多为单克隆性,且通过甲状腺内淋巴网转移,但是单克隆与多克隆可以同时存在。单基因突变的检测目前仅发现BRAF突变对于甲状腺结节克隆性判断有一定价值。结论甲状腺结节为临床常见疾病,甲状腺结节克隆性尚未定论,文献研究仍表明甲状腺结节多为单克隆性。

Analysis of Clonal Origin of Thyroid Nodules

Objective To further strengthen the understanding of the genesis of thyroid tumors through the analysis of thyroid nodules in the clonal origin.Method The related literatures which discussed the clonality of thyroid nodules were reviewed and analyzed.Results About the clonal origin of thyroid nodules,the X chromosome inactivation detection and single gene mutation detection were the most widely chosen one at present.Most of the materials available at present related to X chromosome inactivation proposed that major part of the thyroid nodules were monoclonal and the malignant cells spreaded by means of the inner lymphatic vessel net,whereas polyclonal and monoclonal thyroid nodules coexisted occasionally.Only BRAF mutation was found of certain importance in clonal origin identification in the thyroid nodules.Conclusions Thyroid nodule is prevalent in clinical practice,while the clonality of thyroid nodules especially the thyroid tumor is not clear.And for the time being the commonly used methods to identify the clonal origin of thyroid nodule are X chromosome inactivation and single gene mutation detection.Published results confirm the finding of X chromosome inactivation methods that the majority of thyroid nodules are monoclonally originated.