取向性生物导电型材料的制备及对神经再生的影响*

目的：通过不同方法研制出取向性静电纺丝复合材料，确定材料与神经再生之间的构效关系，为理想的神经再生植入装置的设计提供扎实的理论基础，为周围神经缺损的修复提供更有效的方法。方法：本实验通过切片法结合静电纺丝及3D打印等技术制备具有取向性的丝素（silk fibroin，SF）/石墨烯（Graphene，Gr）复合材料。显微镜观察材料表面结构形貌。电化学分析提供复合材料的电活性表征。细胞共培养观察该复合材料对神经细胞的影响。结果：不同方法制备的不同取向性复合材料具有不同的导电性，其中3D打印生成取向性的静电纺丝复合材料具有良好的导电性，并且通过体外细胞实验表明其支持培养的施万细胞的存活和生长，揭示其具有良好的生物相容性。结论：结果均表明3D打印取向性复合材料结合了优秀的导电性能与良好的生物相容性等性质，很好地模拟了神经发育的天然神经细胞微环境。

Preparation of oriented bioconductive materials and their effects on nerve regeneration

Objective:The composites with different properties were fabricaed by different methods. The relationship between material structures and nerve regeneration were studied, and the design of this ideal nerve regeneration implant device was expected to provide a solid theoretical basis and a more effective method for the repair of peripheral nerve defects. Method: In this experiment, different silk fibroin (SF) and grapheme(Gr) composites with orientation were prepared by slicing combined with electrospinning, 3D printing. The material surface morphology structures were observed with the microscopes and the electrochemical analysis provided the electrical activity of the composites. The effect of the composites on Schwann cells was observed by the optical microscope. Results: The results showed that different oriented composites have different conductivity. Additionally, the composites had good biocompatibility, and supported the survival and growth of cultured Schwann cells by cell experiments in vitro. Conclusion: In general, all the results indicated that the composites formed by 3D printing had good biocompatibility and excellent electrical conductivity, and simulated the neural microenvironment for nerve regeneration.