志贺氏菌激发的粘膜免疫与粘膜保护

将家兔分为三组,分别经口服、滴眼或皮下接种活福氏2a 志贺氏菌。用 BA-ELISA 技术测定血、唾液、泪和粪中 IgG、IgM 和 IgA 类特异抗体。结果表明:滴眼组兔血 IgG 抗体迅速上升,口服组兔血以 IgM 抗体增加幅度较大,并出现较早。两组动物的唾液、泪和粪中 IgG 和 IgA 抗体上升幅度大。粪抗体以口服组出现最早。皮下组血 IgM 增加明显,下降迅速。其他体液中,三类抗体都未见增加。各组动物于免疫后约90天,经眼攻击。局部免疫的两组动物呈现有保护作用,皮下组则无。以上结果证实了机体内共同粘膜免疫系统的存在,并提示唾液、泪和粪产生的对志贺氏菌的免疫应答可能反映动物肠道的免疫状态,评价口服疫苗和研究免疫机理。

MUCOUS MEMBRANE IMMUNITY AND PROTECTION IN RABBITS STIMULATED BY SHIGELLA FLEXNERI 2a

Rabbits were inoculated with Shigella flexneri 2a by oral,conjunctival or subcutaneous routes.BA-ELISA was used to assay IgG,IgM and IgA classes of specific antibodies in sera,tears,saliva and faeces.The results showed that rabbits of the conjunctival group had rapid rises of serum IgG antibodies.IgG and IgA antibody levels in saliva,tears and faec- es of the oral and conjunctival groups increased about 7-12 folds,IgM antibodies did not increase significantly in the body fluids of these two groups.However,serum IgM of the subcutaneous group increased significantly,but all three classes of Ig in other body fluids did not increase.Three months later,the rabbits were challenged by eye inoculation.Protection was observed in the oral and conjunctival groups,but not in the subcutaneous group.All these showed the existence of a common mucous membrane immune system and the possibility of using tears,saliva in dysentery vaccine research and to study the immune mechanism.