早产儿支气管肺发育不良的危险因素

目的探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良（BPD）的危险因素及预防对策。方法回顾性分析应用机械通气治疗并住院28天以上的早产儿120例，分析各种危险因素与BPD发生的关系。结果BPD发生率为20％（24／120），占应用呼吸机治疗早产儿9．30％（24／258），占所有住院早产儿2．5％（24／963）。BPD组出生体重、胎龄、合并肺出血及肺炎、机械通气I〉2次、痰培养阳性≥2次、机械通气持续时间≥5天及吸氧时间等因素，与非BPD组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）；而性别、产前激素应用、窒息、胎膜早破、肺透明膜病、PS应用、心脏疾病及机械通气PIP、PEEP、Fi02、MAP、吸入高浓度氧（〉40％）时间等因素与非BPD组比较无差异（P〉0．05）。logistic回归分析出生体重≤1250g、肺炎和机械通气持续时间回归系数分别为0．942、0．764和0．176；OR值分别为2．579、2．261和1．320。结论避免低出生体重早产儿、缩短应用机械通气时间、防止及减少肺部感染，尤其是严重感染是预防早产儿发生BPD的重要措施。

Risk Factors of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Premature Infants

Objective To investigate the risk factors for prevention and treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in premature infant. Methods A retrospective study was performed in premature infants with mechanical ventilation and hospitalized more than 28 days,more than twenty factors were analysed as the risk factors of BPD. Result The overall incidence of BPD with mechanical ventilation and hospitalized more than 28 days was 20%(24/120),and 9.3%(24/258) in those premature infants receiving mechanical ventilation...