下呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性分析

目的 通过分析痰的细菌分布及耐药率.方法 统计痰中分离的非重复性感染细菌种类并进行耐药性分析.药敏试验采用K-B法.结果共分离354株细菌,革兰阴性细菌占84.18%.分离的肠杆菌科对青霉素和一代头孢菌素耐药率高,非发酵菌对青霉素、三代头孢菌素耐药率高;革兰阳性球菌对青霉素、红霉素耐药率高.肺炎克雷伯杆菌ESBLs分离率22.62%,大肠埃希菌ESBLs分离率65.22%,MRSA分离率57.14%.结论 我科下呼吸道感染痰中细菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,各菌株对临床常用抗生素有不同程度耐药.

Analysis of distribution and antibiotic resistance of bacterial isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract infection

Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria from sputum samples in order to help clinicians select available antimicmbial treatments. Methods The clinical isolates of bacteria from sputum samples were col- lected, and the antibiotic resistance test was carried out by Kirby-bauer method. Results 354 positive bacterial strains were isolated, with gram-negative bacteria accounting for 84.18% of the total strains separated. Enteric bacilli showed a high resistance to penicillin and the first generation of cephalosporin. Non-fermenting bacteria was resistant to penicillin and the third generation of cephalosporin. Gram- positive bacteria was resistant to penicillin and erythrocin. The isolating rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae ESBLs was 22. 62%, Escherichia-coli 65.22%, and MRSA 57. 14%. Conclusion The gram-negative bacteria are the majority pathogenic bacteria of lower respiratory tract infection in the department of respiratory, and they show a certain drug resistance to the frequently used antibiotics.