户外空气质量与出生缺陷的生态学研究及干预

目的了解户外空气质量与出生缺陷发生的关系，为病因预防提供参考。方法利用空气质量和出生缺陷的监测资料，采用生态趋势研究的方法，统计方法采用卡方检验。结果在控制了部分混杂因素后，2003年至2007年广州市出生缺陷的发生率总体呈上升的趋势，与2002～2006年广州市户外空气质量的变化趋势基本一致，卡方检验无显著性差异。结论户外空气质量与出生缺陷发生率的变化存在一定的相关性，建议医疗保健机构与环境控制部门建立信息交流和协作，共同致力于环境保护，减少出生缺陷等不良妊娠结局的发生。

An ecological trend study of air quality outside and birth defect and suggestion

Objective ： To provide useful information for prevention of birth defect by understanding relationship between air quality outside and birth defect. Methods： An ecological trend study method is applied in this paper by gathering data from surveillance of air quality outside and birth defect. Results ： Under controlling motley factors, there is an increasing trend in incidence of birth defect in Guangzhou, which is similar with change of air quality outside in Guangzhou. Conclusion ： Air quality outside will have effect on incidence of birth defect. This highlights an emergency need of building collaboration between medical health department and environmental protection department, to improve air quality outside and reduce incidence of birth defect.