空军飞行人员膳食结构与血脂异常相关营养调查

目的了解空军飞行人员膳食营养与血脂异常现状,为指导空军飞行人员营养健康管理提供依据。方法采用生活作业观察法估算劳动强度,称重法进行膳食调查,按照军标进行身体测量,双试剂酶法检测血脂。与1997年、1982年营养调查结果进行比较,计量资料用t检验做组问比较,计数资料用x^2检验做组间比较。结果飞行人员能量代谢失衡,能量摄人高于支出,饮食模式呈高蛋白、高脂肪、低碳水化合物,脂肪供能比平均高达47．3％,而碳水化合物平均仅为37．9％;超重与肥胖人数占总调查人数的20．8％,高三酰甘油血症达47．9％,高胆固醇血症达17．7％。结论飞行人员膳食结构不合理,能量代谢失衡,与血脂异常的发生密切相关,应注意加强飞行人员的营养健康教育和引导。

Food intake pattern and dyslipidemia in air force pilots

Objective To investigate current dietary and dyslipidemia status of air force pilots. Methods Energy expenditure was calculated by using daily-activity-recording method. Dietary survey was performed through weighing method. Body measurements were carried out according to military criteria. Double agent enzymic method was used to detect blood lipid profiles. The results were compared in 1997 and 1982. t or X2 test was used for data analysis. Results Excessive energy consumption and high- protein and fat or low-carbohydrate intake was found in the participants. Energy from fat or carbohydrate accounted for 47.3 % and 37.9% , respectively. Obesity and overweight was found in 20. 8% air force pilots, and hypertriglyeeridemia and hypercholesterolemia occurred in 47.9% and 17.7%, respectively. Conclusion Dietary pattern and energy metabolism are inappropriate in air force pilots as a result of dyslipidemia.