正常婴幼儿尺桡骨远端及肋骨干骺端的高频超声研究

目的：研究正常婴幼儿尺、桡骨远端及肋骨干骺端的正常高频超声图像。方法：随机选取经临床检查未发现异常的婴幼儿135例（月龄3－18个月），高频超声观察尺、桡骨远端及肋骨干骺端的超声图像并测量分析。结果：135例全部能清晰显示尺、桡骨远端及肋骨干骺端的各部分结构，包括临时钙化带、骺软骨、二次骨化中心及骨膜、软骨膜，尤其能显示临时钙化带的盘状钙化平面。尺、桡骨临时钙化带的宽度及骺软骨的宽度均随月龄的增长而增长（P＜0．001），但桡骨及尺骨临时钙化带的厚度变化并不随月龄增加，而是呈波浪状变化。结论：高频超声可清楚显示正常尺、桡骨远端及肋骨干骺端各部分的形态结构，并测定出不同月龄各结构的正常值，为判别病理状态下相应部分的改变奠定了基础。

Ultrasonographic demonstration of ribs and distal radioulnar metaphysis with high-frequency ultrasound

Objective To study the ultrasound appearances of ribs and distal radioulnar metaphysis in normal infants.Methods Ultrasonography was performed in 135 infants for observing the ultrasound image of the ribs and distal radioulnar metaphysis of infants and analysing the results of measurement,the infants were various from 3 months old to 18 months old and who had no abnormal finding by clinical examinations.Results Adequate visualization in every part of ribs and distal radioulnar metaphysis on sonography was achieved in all cases(100%),the high frequency ultrasound could show clearly the zone of provisional calcification,the epiphysial cartilage,the secondary ossification center,the periosteum and the perichondrium,especially the disco calcification face of the zone of provisional calcification.The width of the zone of provisional calcification and epiphysial cartilage had increased with the growth of the infants (P< 0.001),but the thick changing of the zone of provisional calcification appearsed to be wavy.Conclusions Study of ribs and distal radioulnar metaphysis in size,shape and echogenicity will help to determine the criteria for the appearances of pathological status and thereby increase the specificity and sensibility of ultrasonography.