九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况

九十年代中国人群的膳食与营养状况葛可佑，翟风英，闽怀成，程列，王青，贾凤梅（中国预防医学科学院营养与食品卫生研究所，北京１０００５０）人群的膳食营养状况在一定程度上可以反映一个国家的经济发展和社会文明程度。世界上大多数发达国家及若干发展中国家都在有计...

THE DIETARY AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHINESE POPULATIONS IN 19903

national nutrition survey was carried out in China in 1992.It con-sisted of dietary survey,anthropometry measurements, hemoglobin assayand household income,etc,The sample was drawn using a multistage stra-tified random cluster process,and consisted of 25033 households(urban8474,rural 16559),99749 individuals(male 50590, female 49159)·The house-hold food consumption data Were collected for three days by the inventorychange combined with weighing method.The national average for energy was 9.740 MJ per reference man perday(urban 10.020,rural 9.598),for protein was 68 g(urban 75,rural 64)andfor fat 58g(urban 78,rural 48).Each population segment is categorizedinto three groups by household income,namely low,middle and high·Thehigh income group consumed more energy, protein and fat than the poorergroups did.The average consumption of niacin aud ascorbic acid was ade-quate,of retinol equivalent and ribonavin was low,The calcium intakewas only 405 mg per day.Intakes of thiamine,zinc and selenium reaclied85-90%of the Chinese RDA. Cereals provided 67%of dietary energy and62%of protein.Fat energy accounted for 22%of the total,and animal fataccounted for 40%of the dietarv fat.The proportion of under developed children below 6 years(Z scort3<-2,NCHS reference)by province was 2.2-53.8 (hight for age,),0-32.1(weightfor age) and 0.7-15.0(weight for hight).Over weight children(2score>2)was averaged from 0.6-9.2%in provinces.Under nourished,adults(BMI<18.5) accounted for 3.3-16.9%for urban,and 2.9-22.1%for rural popula-tion. The overweight part (BMI>25)was 3.8-32.8%and 2.2-36.8%for ur-ban and rural respectively. Hemoglobin determination of 72813 individuals showed that the anemiarate for children below 3 years、vas 11-29%,for 3-5 years was 3-12%,6-10years was 13-29%,adults was around 10%(male) and 10-25%(female),forthe elderlys was 20-40%。