原发性闭角型青光眼相关因素的病例对照研究

目的 探讨原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)的危险因素.方法 采用1:1配对病例对照研究设计.收集2004年2月至2005年6月在南通大学附属医院眼科诊治的192例原发性闭角型青光眼患者,以年龄、性别作为匹配条件,选择有其他眼部疾患的192例患者作为对照组,通过χ2检验比较PACG病例组与对照组在人群特征、生活行为习惯、既往病史、青光眼家族史及眼底、屈光、眼压、A超等方面的差异.结果 单因素分析提示,居住农村(OR=2.40,P=0.000)、高文化程度(OR=0.21,P=0.000)、高经济收入(OR=0.34,P=0.000)、高血压(OR=3.05,P=0.000)、青光眼阳性家族史(OR=5.59,P=0.001)、浅前房(OR=11.25,P:0.000)、大杯盘比(OR:8.81,P=0.000)、近视眼(OR=0.31,P=0.000)、近距离看电视(OR=0.47,P=0.001)是PACG的独立相关冈素.多因素条件Logistic回归分析显示,高血压(DR=2.004,P=0.009)、青光眼家族史(OR=6.726,P=0.003)、远视眼(OR=3.192,P=0.031)、浅前房(OR=12.804,P=0.000)、大杯盘比(OR=9.401,P=0.007)等因素与PACG存在关联性.未发现吸烟、饮酒、近视眼、糖尿病、血型等因素与PACG存在统计学关联.结论 高血压可能与PACG存在关联性,眼科医师应定期随访具有青光眼家族史、浅前房及大杯盘比等特征的青光眼高危人群.

A case-control study of factors associated with primary angle-closure glaucoma

Objective To understand the risk factors of primary angle-closure glaucoma. Methods One to one matched case-control study was conducted in this study. One hundred and ninety two PACG cases and 192 controls, matched by age and gender, were collected from Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University. All of the participants were investigated for their demographic information,behavioral habits, disease history, glaucoma family history and received clinical ocular examinations. The difference between these two groups was analyzed. Results Several factors, including hypertension ( OR =2.004,P =0.009), glaucoma family history (OR = 6.726,P =0.003), presbyopia (OR =3.192,P =0.031 ), shallow anterior chamber ( OR = 12.804, P = 0. 000) and high cup-to-disc ratio ( OR = 9.401, P =0.007 ) were associated with PACG by multiply Logistic regression. The results did not support that smoking, drinking, myopia, diabetes mellitus and blood style were related to PACG. Conclusion Follow up the populations with glaucoma family history, shallow anterior chamber or high cup-to-disc ratio are the main procedures for the decrease of incidence of PACG.