江苏省肠道线虫病不同流行区集体化疗效果的研究

目的 探索肠道线虫病不同流行区的集体化疗方案，为指导防治工作提供决策依据。方法 选择江苏省不同状况的3个村，分别采用每年1次或2次集体化疗并连续3年；对人群肠道线虫感染和土壤中虫卵、钩虫幼虫污染情况进行观察研究。结果 苏南试点村连续3年每年1次集体化疗后，肠道线虫总感染率从32．33％降至2．08％；钩、蛔、鞭虫的单虫感染率比防治前分别下降94．47％、86．60％、92．62％。苏中和苏北试点村经过3年6次集体化疗，总感染率由防治前的86．80％和88.76％下降至5．11％和7.98％；单虫感染率均比化疗前下降90％以上，苏北试点村钩虫感染率降至0。感染度、多重感染和土壤中虫卵、钩虫幼虫污染情况与感染率同步下降。结论 在肠道线虫病不同流行区应采用不同的集体化疗方案，以保证防治效果，避免盲目用药；对感染率30％左右的地区，每年1次集体化疗连续2—3年即可降至5％以下，在感染率高达80％以上的地区，每年2次，连续2—3年亦可将感染率降至10％以下。

EVALUATION ON EFFICACY OF MASS CHEMOTHERAPY AGAINST INTESTINAL NEMATODIASIS IN DIFFERENT ENDEMIC AREAS OF JIANGSU PROVINCE

Objective To explore the mass chemotherapy schemes against intestinal nematodiasis in different endemic areas so as to provide scientific basis for decision making to control the diseases. Methods Three villages according to the different geographical, economic and epidemic situations were selected in Jiangsu Province. Each was treated with mass chemotherapy, once per year or twice per year respectively. sustained 3 years. Infection in population as well as contaminations of egg and hookworm larvae in soil were observed and the different chemotherapy schemes were evaluated. Results After 3 years' continual mass chemotherapy of once per year in pilot experimental village in the Southern Jiangsu, overall infection rate of intestinal nematodes dropped from 32.33% to 2.08%; infection rates of Ancylostoma, Ascaris and Trichuris dropped by 94.47%, 86.60%, 92.62%. respectirely. After 3 years and 6 times' mass chemotherapy in the Middle and Northern Jiangsu , overall infection rates decreased from 86.8% and 88.78% to 5.11% and 7.98% respectively; individual infection rates decreased by more than 90%. Especially, the infection rate of Ancylostoma in the North Jiangsu pilot village dropped to zero. The intensity of infection, multiple infection and contaminations of egg and hookworm larvae all decreased at the same time. Conclusion Different mass chemotherapy schemes should be carried out in different endemic areas to guarantee the efficacy as well as to avoid the abuse of medicine. For areas with a prevalence being about 30%, 2-3 years continuous mass chemotherapy of once per year the prevalence will decrease to be less than 5%, while for those with a prevalence being more than 80%, 2-3 years continuous mass chemotherapy of twice per year the prevalence will also decrease to be less than 10%.