Apelin/APJ在视网膜血管性疾病中的作用

Apelin作为一种重要的内源性活性肽,是孤儿G蛋白偶联受体APJ的天然配体.Apelin/APJ系统具有调节血压和体液平衡、正性肌力、改善胰岛素的敏感性、促进摄水、调节垂体激素释放和抑制人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)侵入等多种生物学效应,从而在心血管系统、内分泌系统、中枢神经系统、免疫系统等中显示出多种生物学效应.近年研究发现,apelin/APJ系统通过对内皮细胞增生、迁移以及成管的诱导,可以调节视网膜新生血管的生长.在体外动物模型的研究中,也同样证实apelin/APJ系统在视网膜血管的发育和异常生长中扮演了重要角色.本文就apelin/APJ在视网膜血管疾病中的生理作用,及其糖尿病视网膜病变、早产儿视网膜病变和脉络膜新生血管等病理模型中的作用进行综述.

Effect of apelin/APJ in retinal vascular diseases

The G protein-coupled receptor was deorphanized with cloning of the APJ-endogenous ligand apelin,which is an important active peptides.Apelin/APJ system is widely distributed in central nervous system,cardiovascular system,immune system and endocrine system.Therefore,apelin plays important physiological and pathological roles in blood pressure regulation,fluid homeostasis,potent inotropic,insulin sensitivity regulation,pituitary hormone release,human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) entry inhibition,etc.Recently,the studies found apelin/APJ system also regulates the vasculogenesis and angiogenesis of retina through inducing cell proliferation,migration and tube formation in endothelium.The experiments in vivo also demonstrate apelin/APJ system plays a role in physiological and pathological retinal vascular formation.This review summarizes the evidence of apelin in physiological retinal vascular diseases and diabetic retinopathy,retinopathy of prematurity and choroidal neovascular ization.