2013-2018年济源市流感流行特征分析

目的 分析2013-2018年济源市流感病毒流行特征,为济源市流感防控提供依据。方法 对济源市人民医院采集的流感样病例(influenza like illness,ILI)咽拭子标本进行荧光PCR检测,对监测结果进行统计分析。结果 2013-2018年济源市报告ILI病例18491例,ILI比例为1.8%,呈逐年上升趋势,各监测年度和各年龄组的ILI比例差异均有统计学意义。共采集3512例ILI病例标本,检测出流感病毒核酸阳性878例,总阳性率为25%,2017-2018监测年度阳性率最高,为42,23%。2013-2014和2017-2018监测年度的优势毒株为B型和甲型H1N1亚型,2014-2015和2016-2017监测年度为H3N2亚型,2015-2016监测年度为B型,共检测出212例甲型H1N1、314例H3N2、349例B型和3例混合型流感病毒阳性。5个监测年度均为冬季流行高峰,2015-2016监测年度还出现了夏季流行高峰。结论 济源市不同年度流感流行株交替出现,每年元旦达到流行最高峰,15岁以下儿童是流感防控的主要人群,应加强对此人群的流感防控措施。

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Jiyuan,2013-2018

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of influenza in Jiyuan from 2013 to 2018,so as to provide evidence for influenza prevention and control in Jiyuan.Methods ILI(influenza-like illness)swabs were collected from Jiyuan People’s Hospital,and then the influenza virus was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.Finally,the surveillance data were analyzed.Results From 2013 to 2018,18491 ILI cases were reported,and the ILI ratio was 1.8%,showing a rising trend yearly.There were statistically significant differences of ILI(%)between each year and each age group.3512 ILI specimens were collected and detected,with 878(212 H1N1,314 H3N2,349 B and 3 mixed)positive of influenza virus.The dominant strains of the 2013-2014 and 2017-2018 monitoring years were B and H1N1 subtypes,and the 2014-2015 and 2016-2017 monitoring year was H3N2 subtype,while the 2015-2016 monitoring year was B type.The epidemic peak appeared in winter,and the summer peak was also observed in the 2015-2016 monitoring year.Conclusion The influenza virus appeared alternately in different years in Jiyuan and reached the epidemic peak on New Year’s Day.Children under 15 years old were the main population of influenza prevention and control,and relevant measures should be strengthened in this population.