2018年四川省江油市生活饮用水健康风险评价

目的 了解江油市生活饮用水中化学毒物的暴露水平，评估通过饮水途径对江油市不同人群健康产生的潜在危害。方法 根据江油市2018年生活饮用水的监测数据，应用美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对饮用水中的17种化学污染物进行健康风险评价。结果 铬和硝酸盐分别为致癌物和非致癌物中日均暴露剂量最大的化学物，致癌及非致癌化学物通过饮水途径对不同人群所致暴露剂量大小顺序均为:成年女性＞成年男性＞儿童；致癌化学物和非致癌化学物对成年男性及女性所致健康总风险均高于儿童；致癌化学物的致癌风险大小顺序为铬＞砷＞镉＞四氯化碳＞三氯甲烷，主要的非致癌化学物的健康风险大小顺序为:铜＞铅＞氟化物＞硝酸盐；致癌物的健康风险占总健康风险的99.95%，成年男性、成年女性以及儿童的总健康风险分别为5.46×10-5a-1、5.43×10-5a-1和4.77×10-5a-1。结论 江油市饮用水中化学物的人群健康总风险低于美国环保局推荐的最大可接受风险，说明江油市生活饮用水可以安全饮用。

Health risk assessment of drinking water in Jiangyou City of Sichuan Province in 2018

Objective To understand the exposure levels of chemical poisons in drinking water in Jiangyou City, and assess the potential harm to the health of different populations in Jiangyou City through drinking water channels. Methods According to the monitoring data of drinking water in 2018 in Jiangyou City, the health risk assessment model recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency was used to evaluate the health risks of 17 chemical pollutants in drinking water. Results Chromium and nitrate are the chemicals with the highest daily exposure dose in carcinogens and non-carcinogens respectively; the order of exposure doses of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic chemicals to different populations through drinking water is: adult female > adult male > child. Carcinogenic chemicals and non-carcinogenic chemicals have higher total health risks for adult males and females than children. The risk of carcinogenic chemicals is in the order of chromium > arsenic > cadmium > carbon tetrachloride > trichloromethane; the health risks of major non-carcinogenic chemicals are: copper > lead > fluoride > nitrate. The health risks of carcinogens accounted for 99.95% of the total health risks, and the total health risks of adult males, adult females and children were 5.46×10-5a-1, 5.43×10-5a-1 and 4.77×10-5a-1, respectively. Conclusion The total health risk of chemical substances in drinking water in Jiangyou City is lower than the maximum acceptable risk recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency, indicating that drinking water in Jiangyou City can be safely consumed.