4～13岁儿童干眼患病现状及影响因素分析

目的 探讨延安市人民医院眼科门诊儿童干眼的患病情况及影响因素。方法 随机选择在我院眼科门诊就诊的318例延安市区4～13岁儿童,对其行眼部专科检查及问卷调查。运用Logistic回归法分析儿童干眼发病的危险因素。结果 参与调查的318例儿童分两组,每组159例,其中总的干眼患病为18.9%,其中9～13岁儿童与4～8岁干眼患病无统计学差异(22.6% vs 15.1%,χ²=2.958,P=0.089)。患有干眼的儿童临床症状以瞬目异常最常见(80%),其次为畏光(30%)、视物模糊(20%)、眼痛(10%)。回归分析结果为:每日使用视频终端3 h以上、屈光不正、长期暴露在有风环境下以及过敏性结膜炎是该地区儿童干眼发病的危险因素。结论 儿童人群中合并干眼的人数较多,其发生与长时间使用视频终端设备、屈光不正等因素相关。此现象应引起家长及医疗机构重视,应加强预防儿童干眼发生相关知识的宣传。

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of dry eye in children aged 4~13 years old

Objective To study the incidence and risk factors associated with dry eye among children in our clinic.Methods A total of 318 children aged 4 to 13 years in Yan′an City who were admitted to the ophthalmology clinic of our hospital were randomly selected for eye specialist examination and questionnaire survey.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of dry eye in children.Results The 318 children were divided into two group(159 case in each group).The total out-patient prevalence rate was 18.9%,4～8 years old age and 9～13 years old age children dry eye prevalence rates were not statistically significant(22.6% vs 15.1%,χ²=2.958,P=0.089).The most common symptom of pediatric were abnormal blinking(80%),the followed symptoms were photophobia,blurred vision and ophthalmalgia (30%,20% and 10%,respectively).Statistical analysis indicated that using Visual Display Terminal more than 3 hours a day,refractive error,exposure to the wind environment for long-term and allergic conjunctivitis may be the risk factors among children in the city of Yan′an.Conclusion The number of people with dry eyes in the children's population is high,and its occurrence is related to factors such as prolonged use of video terminal equipment and refractive errors.This phenomenon should be paid attention to by parents and medical institutions,and publicity should be strengthened to prevent children from developing dry eye.