烟台城区中小学生超重肥胖影响因素分析

目的 了解烟台城区中小学生超重肥胖影响因素,为制定有针对性的防治措施提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取烟台市3个城区6所中小学8~14岁1052名学生进行体格检查、学生问卷和家长问卷调查,运用SPSS 16.1进行t检验、χ2检验和logistic回归等分析影响因素。结果 城区中小学生超重率为17.59%,肥胖率为23.38%。男生的超重肥胖率(48.54%)高于女生(32.81%)(χ2=18.275,P＜0.001)。睡前吃食物、每天吃早餐和偏食挑食对超重肥胖的发生均有影响,差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.647,7.123,24.895,P＜0.01)。父亲超重肥胖、母亲超重肥胖、出生体重超重和父亲抽烟是学生超重肥胖的影响因素,差异有统计学意义(χ2=29.226,28.565,20.886,4.668,P＜0.05)。多因素分析显示,父亲超重肥胖、男生、睡前吃食物、母亲超重肥胖和出生体重≥4kg是超重肥胖的独立危险因素(OR=2.192,2.032,1.865,1.790,1.725);每天吃早餐和偏食挑食是超重肥胖的保护因素(OR=0.676,0.433)。结论 烟台市中小学生超重肥胖受多种因素影响,应采取有针对性的干预措施,以控制超重肥胖的发生。

Influencing factors on overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in urban areas,Yantai

Objective To explore the influencing factors of overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in urban areas in Yantai City,and to provide the basis for the formulation of intervention strategies.Methods With stratified cluster sampling method,1052 students aged 8-14 years were selected from 3 urban areas in Yantai and surveyed with physical examinations,student questionnaires and parent questionnaires.The data were processed by chi-square test and logistic regression.Results The rate of overweight and obesity in primary and middle school students in urban areas in Yantai City were 17.00% and 23.23%.Overweight and obesity were more serious among boys(46.53%)than girls(33.62%)(χ2=18.275,P<0.001).Eating food before going to bed,eating breakfast every day and eclipse picky eating had an effect on the occurrence of overweight and obesity(χ2=17.647,7.123,24.895,P<0.01).Father's overweight and obesity,mother's overweight and obesity,overweight birth and father's smoking were the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in students(χ2=29.226,28.565,20.886,4.668,P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that fathers who were overweight and obese,boys,eating food before going to bed,mothers overweight and obesity,and birth weight exceeding 4 kg were independent risk factors for overweight and obesity(OR=2.192,2.032,1.865,1.790,1.725).Eating breakfast and eclipse picky eating are protective factors for overweight and obesity(OR=0.676,0.433).Conclusion Overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students in Yantai City is affected by multiple factors,and targeted interventions should be taken to control the occurrence of overweight and obesity.