2015-2017年贵阳市禽类环境禽流感病毒污染状况监测

目的 了解贵阳市禽类环境禽流感病毒污染状况,探讨贵阳市禽流感防控措施。方法 (1)采用随机抽样方法分别抽取贵阳市禽类规模养殖场、散养集中地区、蛋禽批发市场、城乡活禽交易市场等4类禽类环境样本,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测禽流感病毒核酸(A型、H5、H7、H9亚型)。(2)采用卡方检验对环境禽流感病毒核酸检测结果进行统计分析。结果 4835份外环境样本的FluA阳性率为16.32%,FluA在各个季度、样本来源、样本类型、流通环节的禽类相关外环境中均有检出,不同年度、不同季度、不同地区、不同样本来源、不同样本类型、不同流通环节的FluA阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),且在同一份样本中,存在FluA不同亚型混合污染的情况。结论 贵阳市禽类相关环境普遍存在禽流感病毒污染,蛋禽批发市场、活禽市场是禽流感病毒持续存在的高风险区域,是禽流感传播的关键环境,应重点监测。

Monitor of avian influenza virus in poultry environment in Guiyang,2015-2017

Objective To understand the pollution status of avian influenza virus in the poultry environment of Guiyang,so as to explore the prevention and control measures of avian influenza in the poultry trade in Guiyang.Methods (1)The random sampling method was used to extract respectively samples of four types of poultry environments,including scale poultry farms,free-range inhabited areas,urban and rural live poultry,egg and poultry wholesale market in Guiyang,,using real-time PCR method for detection of avian influenza virus nucleic acid(FluA,H5,H7 and H9 subtype).(2)The nucleic acid test results of various links of environmental avian influenza virus were analyzed by chi-square test.Results The positive rate of FluA in 4835 samples was 16.32%.FluA was detected in each quarter,sample source,the types of samples and all aspects of the circulation.The positive rate of FluA was significantly different in different quarters,different regions,different sample sources,different kinds of samples and different circulations(P<0.000).And there were different subtypes of FluA in the same sample.Conclusion Avian influenza virus contamination is prevalent in a poultry-related environment in Guiyang.Wholesale market and live poultry market are high-risk areas where avian influenza virus persists,and the key environments for the spread of avian flu,and they should be monitored.