2009 - 2017年度庆阳市流感流行特征分析

目的 分析庆阳地区2009 - 2017年度流感流行病学特征，为今后流感防控提供科学依据。方法 流感病例资料来源于中国疾病预防控制信息系统2009 - 2017年期间庆阳市的流感监测数据，对数据采用Excel 2007和SPSS22.0进行整理分析。结果 2009 - 2017年庆阳市共监测ILI病例8 337例，平均ILI%为2.17%，共检测流感样病例标本5 834份，检出阳性953例，总阳性率为16.34%，检出阳性标本中以A型为主，占77.12%。ILI年龄组0～5岁组所占构成比最高，为34.11%，病原学监测显示，15～24岁组阳性检出率最高，为31.07%。ILI%流行呈现明显的季节性特征，从每年的第40周开始至次年第9周形成一个流行高峰期，与病原学阳性检出时间基本一致。不同监测年度流感病原学主要流行型别不同，2009、2013年主要为新甲型H1N1流感病毒，2011、2014～2017年主要为季节性H3N2病毒，而2012年主要以B型为主。结论 庆阳市每年出现一个流感流行高峰，主要在冬春季，0～5岁组为主要易感人群。主要流行型别表现为新甲型H1N1、季节性H3N2和B型流感病毒交替流行。

Analysis on influenza monitoring in Qingyang city from 2009 to 2017

Objective To analyze the characteristics and rules of influenza epidemiology in Qingyang city from 2009 to 2017, and to provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control in the future. Methods Data of influenza cases were collected from the influenza monitoring record of Qingyang covering the period between 2009 and 2017 from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Excel 2007 and SPSS 22.0 sofeware were used to analyze data. Results A total of 8 337 ILI cases were monitored in Qingyang city from 2009 to 2017, and the average rate of ILI was 2.17%.A total of 5 834 ILI specimens were detected, including 953 positive cases,with positive rate of 16.34%. The positive specimens detected was mainly type A,accounting for 77.12%. The proportion of ILI age group 0-5 was the highest(34.11%). According to etiology monitoring, the positive rate of the group with age of 15-24 was the highest (31.07%). The prevalence of ILI presents obvious seasonal variation.The period from the 40th week of each year to the 9th week of next year was the peak period of ILI, which was basically the same as the checkout time of positive pathology. The main type of influenza etiology was different in different monitoring years. Specifically, the influenza was mainly influenza A (H1N1) virus in 2009 and 2013,seasonal H3N2 virus in 2011 and 2014 to 2017,and influenza B virus in 2012. Conclusion A prevalence peak occurs in Qingyang City each year, mainly in winter and spring, and people at an age of 0-5 are main susceptible population. The influenza A (H1N1) virus, seasonal H3N2 virus and influenza B virus usually occur alternately.