2010 - 2017年重庆市吸毒人群艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

目的 了解重庆市吸毒人群艾滋病病毒( HIV) 、梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒( HCV) 的流行现状和行为学特征变化趋势，为制定艾滋病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 按照《全国艾滋病哨点监测实施方案操作手册》要求，以横断面调查的方法对吸毒人群进行监测，并采集血液开展HIV、梅毒、HCV检测。结果 8年共监测吸毒人员13 666人，男性居多，年龄25～49岁组占77.5%。艾滋病相关知识知晓率为89.1%，曾注射吸毒的比例从2010年的62.0%下降到2017年的50.7%，共用针具比例从2010年的46.0%下降到2017年的37.5%，最近1个月注射吸毒比例从2010年的49.3%下降到2017年的23.3%，最近1年发生商业性行为比例从2010年的34.0%下降到2017年的25.7%，最近1年发生商业性行为时每次使用安全套的比例从2010年的22.2%上升到2017年的61.2%； HIV、梅毒、HCV阳性检出率分别为6.1%、4.4%、53.1%。结论 重庆市吸毒人群HIV、梅毒和HCV感染率仍较高，艾滋病流行的诸多危险因素普遍存在，应继续加强对吸毒人群的健康教育和综合干预。

Analysis of AIDS sentinel surveillance results among drug users in Chongqing from 2010 to 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to understand epidemiological trends and changes in behavioral characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among drug users, and to provide references for AIDS prevention and control. Methods In accordance with the“National Operation Manual for AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Implementation Plan”, drug users were analyzed with cross-sectional survey, and their blood was collected for HIV, syphilis and HCV tests. Results A total of 13, 666 drug users were monitored in the past 8 years, most of them were male, aging from 25 to 49, accounted for 77.5% of the total. HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness was 89.1%. The ratio of once injecting drug abuser was decreased from 62.0% in 2010 to 50.7% in 2017. The ratio of once needle sharing was decreased from 46.0% in 2010 to 37.5% in 2017. The injecting drug abuser in recent month was decreased from 49.3% in 2010 to 23.3% in 2017. The commercial sexual behavior ratio in recent year was decreased from 34.0% in 2010 to 25.7% in 2017. The proportion of commercial sexual behavior with condom was increased from 22.2% in 2010 to 61.2% in 2017. The detection rate of HIV, syphilis and HCV were respectively 6.1%, 4.4% and 53.1%. Conclusion The infection rates of HIV, syphilis and HCV were still high. Risk factors of HIV/AIDS epidemic were prevailing. Health education and comprehensive intervention measures should be strengthened.