2016年德阳市噪声作业工人职业健康检查结果分析

目的 了解德阳市噪声作业工人健康状况，为噪声作业人员的职业病防治和相关部门监管、制度政策提供参考。方法 收集2016年德阳市职业健康检查机构上报的噪声作业工人《职业健康检查个案卡》，对其进行分析。结果 收集9 186 名噪声作业工人的职业健康资料，平均年龄为（41.07±8.60）岁，听力损失检出率为13.2%，血压异常为13.7%，心电图异常为16.0%，听力损失检出率男性高于女性（χ2 = 91.181，P＜0.05），血压异常检出率男性高于女性（χ2 = 65.054,P＜0.05），心电图异常检出率男性低于女性（χ2 = 7.677，P＜0.05）；听力损失和血压异常的检出率随着年龄和工龄的增长而升高；不同企业规模、不同地区工人健康损害的情况差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；不同地区噪声检测的超标率差异有统计学意义（χ2 = 50.882，P＜0.01）；职业性噪声聋主要集中在中小型、私有、国有、制造业。结论 德阳市噪声作业工作健康损害较严重，需监管部门、企业和劳动者共同采取措施，防止职业病的发生。

Analysis of occupational health examination results of noise-exposed workers in Deyang City in 2016

Objective The study aimed to assess the health status of noise-exposed workers in Deyang city and to provide reference for the supervision and system policies of relevant departments. Methods The health cards of workers reported in 2016 were collected from occupational health inspection organization. Results The detection rate of hearing loss was 13.2%, abnormal blood pressure was 13.7%, and abnormal ECG was 16.0%. The detection rate of hearing loss was higher in males than females (P<0.05). The detection rate of abnormal blood pressure was higher in males than in females (P<0.05), and the abnormal rate of ECG was lower in females than in female (P<0.05). The rate of noise >85dB(A) is different in different areas (P<0.01). Occupational noise-induced deafness mainly concentrated in small and medium-sized, private, state-owned, manufacturing facilities. Conclusion The hearing loss of the noise-exposed workers in Deyang City was more serious, and therefore, government, enterprise and workers should work together to reduce the occupational diseases.