2016 - 2017年成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎疾病负担情况调查

目的 了解成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎的患病情况和流行趋势，为建立和完善食源性疾病预测预警体系提供科学依据。方法 以学校为切入点，采用多阶段分层抽样方法抽取调查对象，于2016 - 2017年分4个季节对成都市17万余名学生及家庭成员，以自填问卷的形式了解调查对象4周内急性胃肠炎的发病情况、就诊情况等。结果 成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎月患病率为4.46%，年患病率为0.53次/人年。学龄期儿童青少年（7.61%）患病率高于学龄前期（5.17%），老年期（3.34%）高于成年期（2.88%），郊区（4.94%）高于城区（4.02%），夏季（6.52%）高于其他季节，差异均具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；发病人群中，有53.31%的人接受治疗；在急性胃肠炎的治疗中，家庭成员（13.06%）抗生素使用频率高于学生（10.92%），差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 成都市学生及家庭成员急性胃肠炎负担较重，建议开展进一步研究来准确评估成都市急性胃肠炎的负担及其食源性比例。

Burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness among students and their families in Chengdu City in 2016-2017

Objective To determine the magnitude, distribution, and burden of self-reported acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI) among students and their families in Chengdu City. Methods A retrospective, cross-sectional survey was conducted in eight areas during spring, summer, autumn and winter. A total of 59023 students and their families were selected to complete a questionnaire. The case definition was three or more bouts of loose stools of two or more vomit in a 24-hour period within the last 28 days. Results The monthly prevalence of acute gastrointestinal illness was 4.46% with an incidence rate of 0.53 episodes of AGI per person-year. The risk of acute gastrointestinal illness was significantly higher in school-aged children (7.61%) than in pre-school children (5.17%), and in older people (3.34%) than adults (2.88%), and in rural (4.94%) than in urban (4.02%), and in summer (6.52%) than in other seasons. Of 7780 cases, 53.31% visited a physician. Of the cases who visited a physician, 13.06% family members were treated with antibiotics，while the proportion was 10.92% in students. Conclusion The burden of AGI among students and their families was substantial in Chengdu City. Further research is needed to better estimate the burden of AGI and its foodborne proportion.