2013 - 2017年河北省新生儿出生体重变化趋势分析

目的 了解河北省2013 - 2017年新生儿的出生体重变化趋势，并分析其影响因素。方法 采用横断面调查方法，选取河北省2013 - 2017年22个监测点（医院）孕产妇及新生儿的相关数据，了解河北省2013 - 2017年新生儿的出生体重趋势特征，并分析其影响因素。结果 共有新生儿258 433例，平均出生体重约为（3347±496） g，低出生体重儿、巨大儿的发生率分别为3.73%、6.30%。孕产妇高龄、高受教育程度、高危妊娠是发生低出生体重儿发生的危险因素，OR值（95%CI）分别为1.153(1.072～1.240)、1.149(1.091～1.211)、2.460(2.359～2.565)；母亲的年龄＜25岁、高受教育程度、夏季出生是巨大儿发生的保护因素，而女性高危妊娠是巨大儿发生的危险因素，OR值（95%CI）为1.195(1.157～1.234)。结论 河北省2013 - 2017年新生儿出生体重总体呈上升趋势，其中低出生体重儿呈下降趋势，而巨大儿呈上升趋势。应切实做好孕期保健工作，适当提前分娩年龄、提高全民受教育水平，针对高危人群增加产前检查次数，积极治疗妊娠合并症/并发症, 改善围生儿出生结局。

Characteristics of neonatal weight in Hebei Province in 2013-2017

Objective To describe the trend of birth weight of newborns in Hebei from 2013 to 2017 and explore the influencing factors. Methods Using cross-sectional survey method, the data of pregnant women and newborns in 22 monitoring points (hospitals) in Hebei Province from 2013 to 2017 were selected to describe the trend characteristics of birth weight of newborns, and to explore the influencing factors. Results A total of 258433 newborn babies were included in the statistical analysis. The average birth weight was (3347±496) g. The incidence of low birth weight and macrosomia was 3.73% and 6.30% respectively. Older age, higher education and high-risk pregnancy were risk factors for the occurrence of low birth weight infants, and the associated ORs(95% CI) were 1.153(1.072-1.240), 1.149(1.091-1.211) and 2.460(2.359-2.565), respectively. Summer birth, maternal age<25 years and higher education were protective factors for macrosomia. High-risk pregnancy was a risk factor for macrosomia, with an OR (95% CI) of 1.195(1.157-1.234). Conclusion From 2013 to 2017, the birth weight of newborns in Hebei Province decreased first and then increased, while the low birth weight infants and macrosomia infants showed an overall upward trend. In addition, we should do a good job in prenatal health care, properly manage the time of delivery, improve the level of education for all, increase the number of prenatal examinations for high-risk groups, and timely treat complications during pregnancy to improve perinatal outcomes.