2008-2017年沈阳市水痘流行病学特征分析

目的 分析2008-2017年沈阳市水痘发病的流行病学特征,为制定防控措施提供参考。方法 对沈阳市水痘发病资料进行三间分布情况描述,计算发病率、构成比等指标。结果 沈阳市2008年到2017年共报告水痘病例53730例,平均发病率为67.46/10万,2014年以后水痘发病率有增加趋势。4-6月及11-1月为两个高发期间。于洪区(97.99/10万)、浑南区(73.88/10万)、铁西区(72.24/10万)的发病率较高。年龄分布以5-9岁组发病数最多,25岁以前发病占比达86.99%。发病数较多的职业为学生(54.3%),托幼儿童(13.6%)、家务及待业(9.5%),散居儿童(9.2%)。结论 沈阳市水痘发病率较高,发病年龄有延后现象,发病率近年来有回升趋势,建议针对高发人群及高发地区加大防控力度,并尽快推广2剂次水痘疫苗接种。

Epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Shenyang,2008-2017

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of chickenpox in Shenyang from 2008 to 2017,so as to provide a reference for the formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods Three distributions of chickenpox incidence data in Shenyang were described,and the incidence and composition ratio were calculated.Results From 2008 to 2017,53730 cases of chickenpox were reported in Shenyang,with an average incidence of 67.46/100000,and the incidence of varicella had increased since 2014.April-June and November-January were two periods of high incidence.The incidence rates were higher in Yuhong district(97.99/100000),Hunnan district(73.88/100000)and Tiexi district(72.24/100000).The age distribution of 5-9 years old group was the most frequent,and the incidence rate before 25 years old was 86.99%.The occupations with more morbidity were students(54.3%),childcare children(13.6%),housework and unemployment(9.5%),and scattered children(9.2%).Conclusion The incidence of chickenpox in Shenyang is high,with the age of onset delayed and the incidence rising again.It is suggested that prevention and control should be strengthened for high-risk population and areas,and two times of chickenpox vaccination should be promoted as soon as possible.