口腔癌前病变和原位癌及鳞癌P53抑癌基因的表达

P53抑癌基因和多种肿瘤的形成有关。作者应用免疫组化方法对口腔鳞癌发生、发展中P53的改变进行研究。结果发现，P53在上皮异常增生特别是中度、重度上皮增生及原位癌有着较高的表达；P53阳性与肿瘤的深度浸润有关（P＜0．05）；P53阳性中淋巴转移率为54％，P53阴性中淋巴转移率为28％，具有显著差异（P＜0．05）。提示在肿瘤形成的早期P53的不稳定表达起着极其重要的作用，在分化差的肿瘤，P53有着较强的阳性表达且淋巴转移率较高。作者认为P53阳性可作为临床肿瘤行为恶性、预后较差的十分重要的指标。

P53 Suppressor Gene Expression in Oral Premalignant Lesions,in Situ Carcinoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The P53 gene is a tumour suppressor gene which highly associates with many types of tumours. We analyzed expression of the P53 protein by immunohistochemical technique. Increased P53 protein was detected in oral moderate or severe dysplasias and in situ carcinomas. This result showed that unstable P53 expression might play an important role in the very early phase of head and neck tumourigenesis. The percentage of P53 positively stained tumour cells in oral squamous carcinoma increased with decreasing degree of histologic differentiation. There was strong correlation between P53 overexpression and tumour invasion and lymph node metastasis. Overexpression of P53 was found to be relatively higher, although not statistically significant in buccal mucosa than in other sites. It may be a useful indication to the clinican to predict tumour behavior and prognosis.