医务人员感染新冠肺炎现状、危险因素与关键防护措施

 截至2021年7月20日，全球新型冠状病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）累计确诊病例数已超1.9亿，并且全球确诊病例和死亡病例仍在以惊人的速度增长。据流行病学调查结果显示，其可能的传播途径包括飞沫传播、密切接触传播以及密闭环境下的气溶胶传播。医务人员作为新冠肺炎患者的密切接触者，是新型冠状病毒（简称新冠病毒）感染的高危人群。目前在多个国家出现了新的病毒变异株，了解医务人员新冠病毒感染的现况，分析医务人员新冠病毒感染的潜在危险因素，预防医务人员感染，是保持医疗救治持久力，有效防控疫情的关键环节。为此就医务人员新冠病毒感染现状、危险因素及相关防护措施进行系统描述，为保障医务人员职业安全提供参考。

Current status,risk factors,key protective measures of health care wor-kers with COVID-19

As of July 20, 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in more than 190 million confirmed cases of COVID-19, and the global confirmed cases and deaths are still growing at an alarming rate. Epidemiological survey result suggests that COVID-19 is transmitted through droplet and close contact as well as aerosol in closed environment. As close contacts of COVID-19 patients, health care workers (HCWs) are at high risk of being infected with COVID-19. New variant of virus is appearing in multiple countries, understanding the prevalence of COVID-19 infection among HCWs, analyzing the potential risk factors for COVID-19 infection, and preventing the future infection among HCWs is the key to maintain persistence of medical treatment as well as effectively prevent and control the epidemic situation. Therefore, this paper systematically describes the current status, risk factors for infection of HCWs and related protective measures, so as to provide reference for ensuring occupational safety of HCWs.