当代中日两国中小学生体格发育的对比研究

目的：阐明当代中日两国中小学生体格发育的差异，并探讨其影响因素。方法：根据中日两国政府发布的1995年全国学生体格发育测量资料，对比分析中日学生的发育水平、发育速度以及体型特点。结果：①中国7－17岁男女学生的体格发育水平均低于日本同龄学生，其中平均身高矮2．2cm（男）和1．3cm（女）；平均体重轻5．2kg(男）和4．3kg（女）。②中国学生青春期生长突增开始的时间比日本学生约晚1－2年，而且维持其生长高峰的时间较日本学生为短。③中国学生的BMI指数比日本学生平均低1．6（男）和1．7（女）。结论：当代日本学生的体格发育水平明显提高，发育速度增快，同时其体型较为粗壮、结实。这主要是外界环境因素作用的结果，其中以加强营养和体育锻炼最为重要。

A Comparative Study onPhysical Development of Primary and Middle School Students in China and Japan Today

Objective: To explain the difference of physical developmentbetween Chinese students and Japanese students today and explore the influence factors. Method: According to the material for physical development of primary-middle school students published by Chinese and Japanese governments in 1995, making a comparison between the two countries. Results: (1) The physical development level of Chinese students is lower than that of Japanese students. At the age of 7～17, Chinese students are 2.2(male) and 1.3(female) cm shorter, and 5.2(male) and 4.3(female) kg lighter on the average than Japanese students are. (2)The arrival of adolescent growth peak height velocity of Chinese students is 1～2 year later than that of Japanese students and lasts a shorter period of time (3) The BMI index of Chinese students is 1.6(male) and 1.7(female) lower as compared with Japanese students. Conclusion: Today the physical development conditions of Japanese students are obviously improved, this result is affected mainly by environmental factors, especially nutrition and physical exercise.