某市54家企业有机溶剂职业危害情况调查

目的了解某市企业使用有机溶剂的职业危害现状,为职业卫生的监督管理、职业病的防治措施提供依据。方法对54家使用有机溶剂的企业进行职业危害因素调查,同时对工作场所空气中化学毒物浓度进行检测,对工人进行职业健康检查,将资料汇总并进行综合分析。结果工作场所空气中苯检测点超标率7·1%;甲苯检测点超标率14·2%;二甲苯检测点超标率4·4%;正己烷检测点超标率7·7%。接触有机溶剂组工人的各种临床症状头晕头痛、乏力、恶心、食欲不振、失眠、慢性鼻炎、慢性咽炎与对照组比较差异有显著性(P<0·01);白细胞低于对照组(P<0·05)。结论54家企业使用有机溶剂主要是苯、甲苯、二甲苯、正己烷、环己烷、丙酮。有机溶剂对工人健康可造成一定的影响和损害。今后应对这类企业加强监督、监测和职业健康监护工作。

Survey of occupational harmfulness of organic solvents in 54 enterprises in a city

Objective To understand the status of occupational harmfulness of organic solvents and provide scientific basis for occupational hygienic management and making preventive and control measures. Methods Survey of occupational harmfulness of organic solvents in 54 enterprises was made and the results were comprehensively analyzed. Results The exceeding standard rates of concentration of benzene, toluene, xylene and hexane in the air of working places were 7.1%,14.2%, 4.4%, 7.7% , respectively . The main symptoms of workers exposed to organic solvents in the observation group were dizziness, headache, weakness, loss of appetite, insomnia, chronic rhinitis and pharyngitis showing significant difference as compared with that of control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The concentrations of organic solvents in 54 enterprises exceeded the standard and the health of workers was affected . Measures be taken for protection the health of the workers from being harmed by the organic solvents.