1998-2012年上海市金山区婴儿死亡流行病学特征分析

目的了解近年来上海市金山区婴儿死亡流行病学特征，为完善儿童保健措施提供参考依据。方法采用Microsoft Access2003对1998--2012年金山区婴儿死亡病例建立数据库，并分析不同时期分性别、年龄和死因的婴儿死亡率变化情况。结果15年间，金山区婴儿死亡率呈下降趋势（χ2=6．04，P〈0．05），男性婴儿死亡率是女性的1．30倍。早期新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡总数的48．09％，早期新生儿死亡率随时间呈下降趋势（χ2=6．29，P〈0．05），后期新生儿与后期婴儿死亡率则未呈现明显的升降趋势。新生儿病、先天异常和损伤中毒是金山婴儿前3位死因，占婴儿死亡总数的88．51％。结论金山婴儿死亡率呈下降趋势。应加强早期新生儿等重点人群和新生儿病、先天异常、损伤中毒等重点疾病的预防保健和治疗康复工作。

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of infant death in Jinshan District of Shanghai from 1998-2012

[ Objective ] To know the epidemiological characteristics of infant death in Jinshan District of Shanghai in recent years, provide evidences for improving the child health care measures. [ Methods] A database about infant death cases in Jinshan District from 1998-2012 was established by Microsoft Access 2003, to analyze the infant mortality according to sex, age, and death cause in different periods. [ Results] The infant mortality showed a downward trend in 15 years （X2 = 6.04 ,P 〈 0.05）, and the mortality in male infants was 1.30 times greater than that in female infants. The cases of early neonatal death accounted for 48.09% of total in- fant deaths, the early neonatal mortality decreased with time （ X2 = 6.29,P 〈 O. 05 ） , and there were no significant rising or downward trend among late neonatal mortality. The top three causes of death were neonatal diseases, congenital anomalies, as well as injury and poisoning, which accounted for 88.51% of total infant death cases. [ Conclusion] The infant mortality shows a downward trend in Jinshan District. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of neonatal diseases, congenital anomalies, as well as injury and poisoning among early neonatal.