不同训练负荷条件下SD大鼠运动模型的构建与评价

背景：目前对运动训练中机体能量代谢的研究多集中于骨骼肌线粒体生物发生及线粒体氧自由基等各指标的变化，不同训练负荷条件下身体能量代谢的系统的机制研究较少。 目的：建立SD大鼠有氧、无氧及有氧无氧代谢交叉训练运动模型，评价各组SD大鼠能量代谢水平指标的变化。 方法：实验建立有氧、无氧、有氧和无氧交替运动SD大鼠跑台运动训练模型，有氧运动时采用递增负荷训练，无氧运动时采用高速间歇训练，并设立正常对照组。测量运动后大鼠体质量减轻程度的变化，检测运动后大鼠血清中乳酸、乳酸脱氢酶、肌酐、尿素氮、肌酸激酶、丙酮酸激酶和琥珀酸脱氢酶的活性。 结果与结论：实验结果显示无氧组体质量减轻程度明显(P < 0.05)，乳酸水平增高(P < 0.05)，琥珀酸脱氢酶水平低于有氧组(P < 0.05)；无氧组和交替运动组乳酸脱氢酶水平均增高(P < 0.05)；运动后大鼠尿素氮水平增高非常显著(P < 0.001)；交替组肌酸激酶、肌酐水平显著增高(P < 0.01)，丙酮酸激酶水平增高(P < 0.05)。结果表明运动后大鼠代谢水平符合有氧、无氧、有氧和无氧交替运动的代谢评价，运动模型构建成功。

Construction and evaluation of SD rat exercise training models under different work intensities

BACKGROUND: Currently, studies of energy metabolism changes in movement training focus on skeletal muscle mitocheondrial biogenesis, oxygen free radicals and other indexes. But studies regarding physical mechanisms of energy metabolism under different work intensities are few. OBJECTIVE: To observe the energy metabolism changes of the SD rats via constructing motion models of aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise and aerobic and anaerobic cross-training. METHODS: Using treadmill running to establish the motion models. The aerobic exercise group was constructed by incremental exercise, and the anaerobic exercise group treated with high-speed interval training. Meanwhile, the normal control group was established. The body weights were weighted before and after exercise. The content of lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, urea nitrogen, creatinekinase, pyruvatedehydrogenase (PK) and succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in rat serum were determined after exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results showed that. Weight loss of rats in the anaerobic exercise group was markedly decreased (P < 0.05) and the content of lactate increased (P < 0.05). Content of SDH in rat serum from the anaerobic exercise group was smaller than that in the aerobic exercise group (P < 0.05). Serum lactate dehydrogenase of anaerobic exercise group and crossing-training group were also increased (P < 0.05). The contents of serum urea nitrogen in three exercise groups were extremely higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.001). Serum creatinekinase and creatinine in the crossing-training group were significantly higher compared with other three groups (P < 0.01). The level of PK in rat serum from crossing-training group was also higher than that in the other groups (P < 0.05). The metabolic levels of rats in three exercise groups were consistent with the evaluation of aerobic exercise, anaerobic exercise, aerobic and anaerobic crossing-training metabolisms. Thus, the exercise training models were successfully constructed.