用于新型冠状病毒核酸检测的即时检测方法研究进展

新型冠状病毒（SARS-CoV-2）引起的新型冠状病毒肺炎（corona virus disease 2019,COVID-19）在全世界范围内快速传播,截至2020年9月30日全球感染人数已达3 300万人,造成100多万人死亡,给公众的生命健康造成严重威胁。基于实验室的标准化核酸检测方法周转时间长、成本高,因此急需开发便捷检测新冠病毒的方法,实现在资源有限的情况下快速测试以及时控制疫情。本文从提取、扩增、检测3个方面总结了针对新型冠状病毒所开发的核酸即时检测方法（point-of-care testing,POCT）,并对整合了这3个步骤的商业化即时检测装置进行简要介绍,以期为COVID-19及其他新兴传染病的紧急应对和快速部署提供参考。

Advances in point-of-care testing for new corona virus nucleic acid

The corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread rapidly around the world,posing a serious threat to the public"s health. As of September 30,2020,the number of infected people in the world has reached 33 million,causing more than 1 million deaths. Normalized nucleic acid detection methods based on lab have long turnaround time and high cost. Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop a convenient method to detect SARS-CoV-2,so as to achieve rapid testing and timely control of the epidemic when resources are limited.This review summarizes the point-of-care testing (POCT) methods developed for SARS-CoV-2 in terms of extraction,amplification and detection,and briefly introduces commercial POCT instruments that integrate these three steps,in order to provide references for emergency response and rapid deployment of COVID-19 and other emerging infectious diseases.