马齿苋提取物对四氯化碳致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及其化学成分分析

目的 探究马齿苋乙醇提取物对四氯化碳所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用，并对其有效成分进行分析。方法 将80%乙醇马齿苋提取物经离心、减压蒸馏、真空干燥为全草提取物、上清提取物和沉淀提取物。将80只ICR雄性小鼠随机分为8组：对照组、肝损伤模型组、马齿苋全草提取物低剂量组、高剂量组、马齿苋上清提取物低剂量组、高剂量组、马齿苋沉淀提取物低剂量组、高剂量组。经口灌胃去离子水或3种马齿苋提取物不同剂量混悬液1周后，分别皮下注射橄榄油或CCl₄橄榄油溶液，16 h后收集血清，检测小鼠血清ALT、AST、IL-6水平，以评价马齿笕对肝损伤的保护作用。采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）技术分析马齿苋的有效成分。结果 与模型组相比，马齿苋全草提取物高剂量组小鼠血清AST、ALT、IL-6水平显著降低；沉淀高剂量组小鼠血清ALT显著降低（P<0.05），IL-6水平有所降低，但不具统计学意义；其他各干预组小鼠血清AST、ALT、IL-6水平没有显著性变化。应用UPLC-Q-TOF/MS法共鉴别出苹果酸、柠檬酸、亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、腺苷、琥珀酸、染料木素、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸等15种主要成分。结论 马齿苋乙醇全草提取物对CCl₄急性肝损伤小鼠具有保肝抗炎作用，可能是15种有效成分发挥的联合作用。

Protective effect of Portulaca oleracea L. extract on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice and its chemical composition analysis

Objective To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Portulaca oleracea L. on acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in mice, and to analyze its effective components. Methods 80% ethanol purslane extract was centrifuged, vacuum distillated and vacuum dried into whole plant extract, supernatant extract and precipitated extract. Eighty ICR male mice were randomly divided into 8 groups: control group, liver injury model group, whole plant extract low-dose group, high-dose group, supernatant extract low-dose group, high-dose group, precipitation extract low-dose group, and high-dose group. After oral administration of distilled water or three kinds of purslane extract suspensions at different doses for 1 week, olive oil or CCl₄ olive oil solution were injected subcutaneously respectively. After 16 hours, serum was collected to detect the levels of ALT, AST and IL-6 to evaluate the protective effect of purslane on acute liver injury. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was used to analyze the effective components of purslane extract. Results Compared with the model group, the levels of serum AST, ALT and IL-6 in high-dose whole plant extract group were significantly reduced. The serum ALT level of mice in the high-dose precipitation extract group was significantly reduced (P<0.05). The serum IL-6 level was decreased, but there was no significant difference. There were no significant changes in the levels of serum AST, ALT and IL-6 in the other intervention groups. 15 main components such as malic acid, citric acid, leucine, isoleucine, adenosine, succinic acid, genistein, tyrosine and phenylalanine were identified by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Conclusion Purslane whole plant ethanol extract has hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory effects on CCl₄ acute liver injury mice, which may be a combined effect of 15 active components.