结直肠癌内镜检出率及筛查研究

目的 探讨结直肠癌内镜检出率及直肠指检、粪便隐血试验、肿瘤标志物与无痛结肠镜在结直肠癌筛查中的价值.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月至2013年12月2 167例结肠镜检查患者,所有病例在行结肠镜检查前均行直肠指检、粪便隐血试验、肿瘤标志物检查,并与病理、手术结果等资料进行比较分析.结果 2010-2013年男、女所占比例比较差异无统计学意义（x2=3.640 5,P＞0.05）.2010-2013年结直肠腺瘤检出率分别为4.762％ （25/525）,8.180％ （40/489）,8.276％（48/580）,8.028％（46/573）,四者比较差异无统计学意义（x2=6.785 7,P＞ 0.05）.2010-2013年结直肠癌的检出率分别为12.571％ （66/525）,11.656％ （57/489）,13.448％（78/580）,10.820％（62/573）,四者比较差异无统计学意义（x2=2.065 7,P＞ 0.05）.2010-2013年结直肠癌占结肠镜检查阳性结果百分率分别为72.527％ （66/91）,58.763％ （57/97）,61.905％（78/126）,57.407％ （62/108）,四者比较差异无统计学意义（x2=5.679 8,P＞ 0.05）.结论 2010-2013年结直肠癌检出率较为稳定;联合直肠指检、粪便隐血试验及肿瘤标志物检查在结直肠癌筛查中的价值在于筛选结肠镜检查人群,提高针对性,从而提高结直肠癌的早诊断和早治疗水平.

Endoscopic detection rate and screening research of colorectal cancer

Objective To explore the detection rate of colorectal cancer by endoscopic,and study the value of digital rectal examination,fecal occult blood test,tumor markers examination,painless colonoscopy in colorectal cancer screening.Methods The data of 2 167 colonoscopy patients were retrospectively analyzed from January 2010 to December 2013.All the patients accomplished the digital rectal examination,fecal occult blood test,tumor markers examination before colonoscopy,the results were compared with pathology and surgical results.Results There was no statistical difference in the ratio of male and female in the year 2010-2013 （x2 =3.640 5,P 〉 0.05）.The detection rates of rectal adenoma in the year 2010-2013 were 4.762% （25/525）,8.180% （40/489）,8.276% （48/580） and 8.028% （46/573）,there were no statistical differences （x2 =6.785 7,P 〉 0.05）.The detection rates of colorectal cancer in the year 2010-2013 were 12.571% （66/525）,11.656% （57/489）,13.448% （78/580） and 10.820% （62/573）,there were statistical differences （x2 =2.065 7,P 〉 0.05）.The colorectal cancer accounts for the percentage of positive results of colonoscopy in the year 2010-2013 were 72.527% （66/91）,58.763% （57/97）,61.905%（78/126） and 57.407 % （62/108）,there were statistical differences （x2 =5.679 8,P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions The detection rates of colorectal cancer are stable in the year 2010-2013.Combined with digital rectal examination,fecal occult blood test and tumor markers examination is the value of screening colonoscopy population,enhancing the pertinence,thus improving the colorectal cancer early diagnosis and early treatment levels.