右美托咪啶滴鼻用于甲状腺手术的临床观察

目的 观察右美托咪啶滴鼻对全凭静脉麻醉下甲状腺手术术后镇痛效果.方法 60例择期行甲状腺手术的女性患者,按机械抽样法随机分成两组,每组30例.Ⅰ组麻醉诱导前给予右美托咪啶1μg/kg滴鼻,Ⅱ组麻醉诱导前同量氯化钠注射液滴鼻,开皮前10 min氟比洛芬酯100 mg静脉注射.行气管插管全凭静脉麻醉,术后1,2,4,6,8,12,24 h用视觉模拟量表（VAS）评价手术部位的疼痛,布氏舒适量表（BCS）评价咳嗽时疼痛,并记录不良反应.结果 Ⅰ组术后1,2,4,6,8,12h的VAS评分明显低于Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Ⅰ组术后1,2,4,6,8h的BCS评分高于Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Ⅰ组术后恶心、头晕发生例数低于Ⅱ组（8例比14例、6例比14例）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;Ⅱ组有8例患者术后12h内追加镇痛药物,明显高于Ⅰ组（0例）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 在全凭静脉麻醉下甲状腺手术患者给予右美托咪啶1μg/kg滴鼻联合氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛可达到满意的术后镇痛效果,且降低了术后恶心及头晕的发生率,提高了患者术后舒适度.

Clinical observation of intranasal dexmedetomidine on thyroid surgery

Objective To observe the effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine on total intravenous anesthesia for thyroid surgery postoperative analgesia.Methods Sixty female patients who were undergoing elective thyroid surgery were enrolled.Patients by total intravenous anesthesia were randomized in mechanical sampling method to receive intranasal dexmedetomidine 1 μ g/kg （group Ⅰ,30 cases）,or the same volume sodium chloride （group Ⅱ,30 cases） before anesthesia induction,then flurbiprofen 100 mg intravenous 10 min before surgery.The postoperative surgical pain was assessed utilizing visual analogue scale （VAS）,and the postoperative pain of cough was assessed by comfort score （BCS） at 1,2,4,6,8,12,24 h after surgery,in addition,the adverse reactions were recorded.Results The VAS scores at 1,2,4,6,8,12 h in group Ⅰ were lower than those in group Ⅱ,and there were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.The BCS scores at 1,2,4,6,8 h in group Ⅰ were higher than those in group Ⅱ,and there were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.The nausea and dizziness morbidity in group Ⅰ were lower than those in group Ⅱ （8 cases vs.14 cases,6 cases vs.14 cases）,and there were statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.Eight patients were required supplemental analgesic within 12 h after surgery in group Ⅱ,which was more than that in group Ⅰ （0 case）,and there was statistically significant （P ＜ 0.05）.Conclusion Receive total intravenous anesthesia for thyroid surgery,the patients who are given intranasal dexmedetomidine 1 μ g/kg combined with flurbipmfen can reach satisfactory postoperative analgesia,decrease the nausea and dizziness morbidity,increase the comfortable degree.