盐酸氨溴索气道湿化对婴幼儿重症肺炎机械通气时呼吸力学的影响

目的 观察机械通气时用盐酸氨溴索气道湿化对婴幼儿重症肺炎呼吸力学的影响.方法 选取符合婴幼儿重症肺炎诊断标准并需机械通气治疗的65例婴幼儿,按随机数字表法分为试验组33例和对照组32例.试验组用盐酸氨溴索气道湿化,对照组用0.9％氯化钠,每次2 ml气管内滴入,然后接球囊加压给氧30 s,再接呼吸机通气,湿化后5 min彻底吸痰,24 h后观察治疗前后呼吸力学指标的变化：平均气道阻力、肺顺应性、呼吸功、气道平台压.比较两组治疗前后呼吸力学指标改变.结果 机械通气治疗24 h后,试验组呼吸力学指标较对照组明显改善平均气道阻力分别为（0.68±0.04） cmH2O/（L·s）和（0.57±0.05） cmH2O/（L·s）,1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa,肺顺应性分别为（3.17±0.81） ml/kPa和（2.56±0.69）ml/kPa,呼吸功分别为（0.54±0.08） J/L和（0.41±0.06） J/L,气道平台压分别为（2.23±0.58） cmH2O和（2.12±0.63） cmH2O],差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;试验组较对照组机械通气时间明显缩短,分别为（64.08±13.92）h和（79.57±19.64）h,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 机械通气时给予盐酸氨溴索气道湿化,能够改善婴幼儿重症肺炎呼吸力学指标,有效治疗重症肺炎,减少气道阻力,改善肺泡通气,缩短机械通气时间.

The effect of respiratory mechanics in airway humidification with ambroxol during mechanical ventilation

Objective To observe effect of using ambroxol to humidify of airway during mechanical ventilation to treat severe pneumonia in infants,and to explore dynamic changes of respiratory mechanics.Methods Sixty-five infants with severe pneumonia need ventilator treatment according the diagnosis criterion were divided into 2 groups by random digits table method：experimental group （33 cases） and control group （32 cases）.Experimental group was used ambroxol and control group was used 0.9% sodium chloride,each 2 ml intratracheal instillation,and then took the balloon pressurized oxygen 30 s,followed by ventilator,after 24 h.Changes of respiratory mechanics indexes were observed before and after treatment,including：mean airway resistance,lung dynamic compliance,work of breathing,airway plateau pressure.Respiratory mechanics values were recorded before and after treatment.Results After treatment for 24 h,the index in experimental group were better than those in control group.Mean airway resistance were （0.68 ± 0.04） cmH2O/ （L·s） and （0.57 ± 0.05） cmH2O/ （L·s）,1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa,lung dynamic compliance were （3.17 ± 0.81） ml/kPa and （2.56 ± 0.69） ml/kPa,work of breathing were （0.54 ± 0.08） J/L and（0.41 ± 0.06） J/L,airway plateau pressure were （2.23 ± 0.58） cmH2O and （2.12 ± 0.63） cmH2O.There were significant differences （P 〈 0.05）.The mechanical ventilation time in experimental group was significantly shorter than that in control group （64.08 ± 13.92） h vs.（79.57 ± 19.64） h] （P 〈0.05）.Conclusion Airway humidification using ambroxol can better treat severe pneumonia,reduce airway resistance and improve alveolar ventilation,shorten time on the machine.